Django community: RSS
This page, updated regularly, aggregates Django Q&A from the Django community.
-
CSS files not loading in django
This is my first Django project. I cannot load CSS files onto my website. i've done everything possible. Project Directries firstproject/ static/ css/ <CSS files> Settings.py/ static files STATIC_URL = 'static/' STATICFILE_DIRS = [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static") ] STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'assets') urls.py urlpatterns += static(settings.STATIC_URL,document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT) urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL,document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT) HTML file <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap-grid.css' %}"> -
How to create a ModelViewset when model has OneToOneField?
The idea is to have a model like this: class Object(models.Model): user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) name = models.CharField(max_length=256) def __str__(self): return self.name and then create a serializer and a ModelViewSet related to it. The problem is that ModelViewSet must return a queryset but I want to work with single objects due to the one-to-one relation. How should I proceed? -
Django : How to create a Task with Subtask system
I am trying to develop something that allows me to create Tasks to complete in a project and then you can add subtasks so each task etc. Example : The project is to build a house, the main tasks are let's say, the plumbing, then the roof and finally the rest of the architecture. For the plumbing, you then need to do the sketches first, then to figure out what kind of pipes, etc. So for each task you have subtasks and so on. class Project(models.Model): project_name = models.CharField(max_length=100) class Task(models.Model): task_name = models.CharField(max_length=100) task_project = models.ForeignKey('Project', on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True) class SubTask(models.Model): subtask_name = models.CharFiedl(max_length=100) subtask_parent = models.ForeignKey('Task', on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True) So here in my code, each Project have like several Main Tasks and then we get the Subtasks. The goal is that I can keep on creating Subtasks that then belong to a parent Subtask if that makes sense. I can't figure out what type of connection that is or how to approach the issue. Many thanks ! -
How can I get all objects of a model and it's fields?
I have a Product Model and I want to be able to count all it's objects in a method so I can render the total number in a template, same for each category but I can only do that with the number_of_likes method. class Category(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=45) ... class Product(models.Model): author = models.ForeignKey(User, default=None, on_delete=models.CASCADE) title = models.CharField(max_length=120, unique=True) category = models.ForeignKey(Category, default=None, on_delete=models.PROTECT) product_type = models.CharField(max_length=30, choices=TYPE, default='Physical') likes = models.ManyToManyField(User, related_name='like') ... def number_of_likes(self): return self.likes.count() def number_of_products(self): return self.all.count() def number_of_products_for_category(self): return self.all.category.name.count() def __str__(self): return str(self.title) + ' from ' + str(self.author) -
How to create a function that change is_active=False to True?
How to create a function that change is_active=False to True? The case is that I want to create a function that change the value in an user case from "is_active=False" to "is_active=True". At my final point I want to create "an email verification" when someone registered. If someone registered on my website, he receive an email with the verification. I guess I have to create a function that change "is_active=false" on "is_active=true" when someone clicked the link that call the function? Mean I well? Thanks! def activateEmail(request, user, email, first_name): send_mail( #email subject f"Activate your user account, {user.first_name} !", #email content f"Hi {user.first_name}!\nPlease click on the link below to confirm your registration\n{SITE_URL}\nhttps://patronite.pl/wizard/autor/profil?step=3", #email host user EMAIL_HOST_USER, #email to [user.email], #if error True is better. fail_silently=False, ) The case is that I want to create a function that change the value in an user case from "is_active=False" to "is_active=True". At my final point I want to create "an email verification" when someone registered. If someone registered on my website, he receive an email with the verification. -
How to combine data from different functions in one function?
I have a django application. And I try to combine two dictionaries in one function? So that both dictionaries will render in the same template. So I have the views.py: def data_compare(): fruits = { "appel": 3962.00, "waspeen": 3304.07, "ananas": 24, } condition = ["ananas"] context = {"fruits": fruits, "condition": condition} return context def data_compare2(): fruits2 = { "appel": 3962.00, "waspeen": 3304.07, "ananas": 30, } condition = ["ananas"] context = {"fruits2": fruits2, "condition": condition} return context def data_combined(request): context = data_compare(), data_compare2() return render(request, "main/data_compare.html", context) And template looks: {% extends 'base.html' %} {% load static %} {% block content %} <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <div class="container center"> {% for key, value in fruits.items %} <span {% if key in condition %} style="color: red;" {% endif %}>{{ key }}: {{value}}</span><br> {% endfor %} </div> <div class="container center"> {% for key, value in fruits2.items %} <span {% if key in condition %} style="color: red;" {% endif %}>{{ key }}: {{value}}</span><br> {% endfor %} </div> </body> </html> {% endblock content %} But then I get this error: TypeError at /data_combined context must be a dict rather than tuple. Question: … -
saving date in a django model as the now date and adding 10 minutes on it
I'm working on a Django bids project. I want to allow each product to be bidden only for 10 minutes and want to make a countdown for only 10 minutes from submitting product data , so the idea came to my mind is to save the time at which the product added with adding 10 minutes on it but I don't know how to make this and I don't know whether this idea is right or not models.py: class bidproduct(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=250) when = models.DateTimeField( auto_now_add=True) views.py: class bidDetailView(DetailView): model = bidproduct template_name = 'bidding/countdown.html' countdown.html: <div class='col-9'> <div id="event-box">{{object.when |date:'M d, Y H:m:s'}}</div> </div> javascript: const eventBox = document.querySelector('#event-box'); const countdownBox = document.querySelector('#countdown-box'); const eventDate =Date.parse(eventBox.textContent); setInterval(()=>{const now = new Date().getTime() const diff = eventDate - now; const d = Math.floor (eventDate / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24) - (now / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24))) const h = Math.floor ((eventDate / (1000 * 60 * 60) - (now / (1000 * 60 * 60 ))) %24) const m = Math.floor ((eventDate / (1000 * 60) - (now / (1000 * 60))) %60) const s = Math.floor ((eventDate / (1000) - (now / (1000))) … -
Django many to many not symmetrical parent implemntation. Reverse lookup is returning the childs, not parents
In models.py I have this model: class element (models.Model): element=models.Autofield(primary_key=true) parent_element=models.ManyToMayField('self',null=True,blank=True, related_name='parents',symmetrical=False) This relationship is implemented in database, by django, into a table with "from_element" (child, my element) and "to_element" (parents of my element) fields. The problems happens when I try to obtain the parents of a element with a reverse lookup,giving as result the elements that have my element as parent, the childs. Debugging the parents I see this: element.parents.source_field_name='to_element' element.parents.target_field_name='from_element' instead of element.parents.source_field_name='from_element' element.parents.target_field_name='to_element' Giving an example, if I create the element 1, and after I create the element 2 with element 1 as "parent" this is what I have: element.objects.get(element=1).parents.all() is 2 (his child, wrong) element.objects.get(parent=1) is 2 (his child, rigth) element.objects.get(element=2).parents.all() do not exist (wrong) element.objects.get(parent=2) do not exist (right) In database I have this: from_element is 2 and to_element is 1. But, as I said, parents.all() is looking from "to_element" to "from_element" Many to one and one to many are not the same, they have a direction. It is easy to define a one-to-many when you are using different models, define the foreign key into the "many" model and it's done, but not in 'self' case. Looking for information I always found "use a Foreign … -
Django check user.is_authenticated before UserCreationForm to prevent a user to signup twice
In Django, I am trying to prevent an already existing user to register (sign up) again. In my case, the user can sign up with a form. My approach is to check in views.py if the user already exists by checking is_authenticated upfront. If the user does not exist, then the form entries will be processed and the user will be created. The problem: if the user already exists, I would expect the condition request.user.is_authenticated to be True and the browser to be redirected to home. Instead, the evaluation goes on to process the form throwing (of course) the following error: Exception Value: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "auth_user_username_key" DETAIL: Key (username)=(john.doe) already exists. This is a sample of my views.py: def register_user(request): if request.method == "POST": if request.user.is_authenticated: messages.error(request, ('User already exists.')) return redirect('home') form = UserCreationForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): form.save() ... # do more stuff What am I missing? -
Most Efficient Way To Paginate Combined Queries From Multiple Models in Django Rest Framework
I am creating a social media website using DRF as my back-end. Recently, I noticed the "Home" feed getting too slow for comfort. I then realized that, even though I was using a a paginator, I am still serializing all "Feed Item" objects before paginating them. Take a look at the code below: # serialize reposts = RepostSerializer(reposts_query, many=True).data posts = SmallPostSerializer(feed_posts_query, many=True).data comments = FeedCommentSerializer(feed_comments_query, many=True).data #combine combined_posts_and_comments = list(chain(reposts, posts, comments)) # sort combined list by date feed_items = sorted( combined_posts_and_comments, key=lambda k: k["date"], reverse=True ) # paginate combined list paginator = Paginator(feed_items, self.page_size) How do I only fetch the necessary items for the selected page before serializing the feed items? I can not just slice the queries like [(page_size * page_num) - page_size:page_size * page_num], because after combining and paginating, it will create strange and inconsistent results when navigating to the next page. I also tried slicing like this: [:page_size * page_num]. However, as the page number increases, it gets slower and slower. I am sure somebody has ran into this problem before, how should I proceed? -
My CSS file won’t load. I try to search the internet but didn’t found a solution. can you assist me?
Hi for some reason my CSS file won’t load. I try to search the internet but didn’t found a solution. can you assist me ? My settings code I've tried every possible solution on the internet, but it's of no use. -
How to automatically start a python http server
I am using python http.server 80 to expose my downloaded files to my twilio whatsapp bot is there a way that as my django-twillio app starts it automatically runs the server on port 80 as well python -m http.server 80 -
DJANGO: Get ManyToMany objects through raw SQL query
Is it possible to get the many-to-many objects connected to a model through raw SQL? (using django.db.connection) Here are my simplified models: class Comment(models.Model): author = models.CharField(max_length=100) body = models.CharField(max_length=140) class Post(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=100) body = models.TextField() comments = models.ManyToManyField(Comment) Here's the output when I query using SQL all posts: from django.db import connection cursor = connection.cursor() cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM home_post") all = cursor.fetchall() print(all) # output: [(1, 'First Post', 'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed.')] The comments many-to-many objects aren't returned. Any help? -
character "@" in the name of a variable in the django template
I have a dictionary in my views.py mydata = {'@model': 'wolfen', '@genre': 'fantastic', 'price: '350'} which I pass to the django view in a context like this context['mydata'] = mydata and in my view i display like this {{mydata.@model}} the problem is that the django template uses the "@" character for other tags. How to replace the "@" character to not display the following error Could not parse the remainder: '@model' from 'mydata.@model' thank you -
Dynamically generate for loops to create lists from a dictionary
variations = { 'size':{'small':'Small', 'medium':'Medium', 'large':'Large'}, 'quantity':{'20l':'20l', '10l':'10l', '5l':'5l'}, 'color':{'red':'Red', 'blue':'Blue', 'green':'Green'} } var_list = [[i,j,k] for i in variations['color'] for j in variations['size'] for k in variations['quantity']] You can also write the above code as: var_list = [] for i in variations['color']: for j in variations['size']: for k in variations['quantity']: comb = [] comb.append(i) comb.append(j) comb.append(k) Var_list.append(comb) Both the var_list will output: [['red', 'small', '20l'], ['red', 'small', '10l'], ['red', 'small', '5l'], ['red', 'medium', '20l'], ['red', 'medium', '10l'], ['red', 'medium', '5l'], ['red', 'large', '20l'], ['red', 'large', '10l'], ['red', 'large', '5l'], ['blue', 'small', '20l'], ['blue', 'small', '10l'], ['blue', 'small', '5l'], ['blue', 'medium', '20l'], ['blue', 'medium', '10l'], ['blue', 'medium', '5l'], ['blue', 'large', '20l'], ['blue', 'large', '10l'], ['blue', 'large', '5l'], ['green', 'small', '20l'], ['green', 'small', '10l'], ['green', 'small', '5l'], ['green', 'medium', '20l'], ['green', 'medium', '10l'], ['green', 'medium', '5l'], ['green', 'large', '20l'], ['green', 'large', '10l'], ['green', 'large', '5l']] var_list contains 3 for loops based on the 3 dictionaries in variations. How can we dynamically write the above code so that if more or less dictionaries are present in variations the for loops in var_list can also get adjusted? e.g if 'brand' is also present in variations, a for loop for this 'brand' should be … -
how to know which app is running in background and save all spendig time of that?
I want to know can I increase my time counter when specific app is running in background of operating system and save spending time in db? is it posiible to solve this problem with django? e.g:I want to open photoshop with an icon in my website(in user`s computer) then I track what time they spend in that app. I think I need a script on users computer to send me feedback of processes or an desktop app to track the processes. -
How to send POST request using Julia lang HTTP library to a Django RESTFUL API (DRF)
There is very limited documentation when it comes to the HTTP library in Julia Lang. Not just that, but there are no up to date Stack Overflow questions regarding the HTTP library in general. With that said, how do you send POST requests using Julia + HTTP to a Django Restful API (DRF)? -
Create and edit form with multiple Django files
could someone tell me how to save multiple files in the post method of my form, I can only save 1 file, not the ones I have tried to upload. Files = models.FileField(upload_to="alumno/archivos/%Y/%m/%d", null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='Archivos') That's what the field is called in my model Student. Then in my post method in the view I have the following code, but it doesn't save everything, as I said it only saves 1 file. def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): data = {} files = request.FILES.getlist('Files') try: action = request.POST['action'] if action == 'edit': form = self.get_form() for f in files: Alumno.objects.update(Files=f) data = form.save() else: data['error'] = 'No ha ingresado a ninguna opción' except Exception as e: data['error'] = str(e) return JsonResponse(data) In this case as it says update in Alumno.objects because I am doing the edit, I have the same problem as with the create. Please could someone help me? Regards I want to be able to save or edit two or more files in the Pupil model. -
Django and ajax - data returning value but not populating field
I am new to Django and Ajax. I have a dropdown that is populated from a database. I want another field to populate based on the selection made in the dropdown. I am getting the return value, but it is not populating the form field. Console.log shows the value being returned. It just never shows on the form field and I am sure the field name is correct. In the browser I get 600. How do I get the 600 into the #id_Deductable field? Any help would be greatly appreciated. ` <script> $("#id_Primary_Plan").change(function () { var url = $("#BaseQuoteForm").attr("data-agent-url"); // get the url of the `load_cities` view var PlanData = $(this).val(); // get the selected country ID from the HTML input $.ajax({ // initialize an AJAX request url: url, // set the url of the request (= localhost:8000/hr/ajax/load-cities/) data: { 'PlanData_id': PlanData // add the country id to the GET parameters }, success: function (data) { // `data` is the return of the `load_cities` view function console.log(data); $("#id_Deductable").text(data); // replace the contents of the city input with the data that came from the server } }); }); </script> ` -
Django many to many not symmetrical parent implementation. Reverse lookup is returning the child, not parents
Hi, In models.py I have this model: class element (models.Model): element=models.Autofield(primary-key=true) parent_element=models.ManyToMayField('self',null=True,blank=True, related_name='parents',symmetrical=False) This relationship is implemented in database, by django, into a table with "from_element" (child, my element) and "to_element" (parents of my element) fields. The problems happens when I try to obtain the parents of a element with a reverse lookup,giving as result the elements that have my element as parent, the childs. Debugging the parents I see this: element.parents.source_field_name='to_element' element.parents.target_field_name='from_element' instead of element.parents.source_field_name='from_element' element.parents.target_field_name='to_element' Giving an example, if I create the element 1, and after I create the element 2 with element 1 as "parent" this is what I have: element.objects.get(element=1).parents.all() is 2 (his child, wrong) element.objects.get(parent=1) is 2 (his child, rigth) element.objects.get(element=2).parents.all() do not exist (wrong) element.objects.get(parent=2) do not exist (right) In database I have this: from_element is 2 and to_element is 1. But, as I said, parents.all() is looking from "to_element" to "from_element" Many to one and one to many are not the same, they have a direction. It is easy to define a one-to-many when you are using different models, define the foreign key into the "many" model and it's done, but not in 'self' case. Looking for information I always found "use a … -
the method form.is_valid always returns always
I do my own project and I'm stuck on this problem. My form always returns False when calling form.is_valid. This is my code: forms.py: I need to let user to choose the size he need from the list of available sizes, so I retrieve sizes from the database and then make a ChoiceField with variants of these sizes. class CartAddProductForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model = Product fields = ['sizes'] def __init__(self, pk: int, *args, **kwargs) -> None: super(CartAddProductForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) sizes = tuple(Product.objects.get(pk=pk).sizes) sizes_list = [] for item in sizes: sizes_list.append((item, item)) self.fields['sizes'] = forms.ChoiceField(choices=sizes_list) views.py: This func creates the form def product_detail(request: WSGIRequest, product_id: int, product_slug: str) -> HttpResponse: product = get_object_or_404(Product, id=product_id, slug=product_slug, available=True) categories = Category.objects.all() cart_product_form = CartAddProductForm(instance=product, pk=product_id) return render(request, 'shop/product/detail.html', {'product': product, 'categories': categories, 'cart_product_form': cart_product_form}) When user pushes the button 'Add to cart' he is redirected to the other page with details of his cart. So here's the problem: @require_POST def add_to_cart(request: WSGIRequest, product_id: int) -> HttpResponseRedirect: cart = Cart(request) product = get_object_or_404(Product, id=product_id) form = CartAddProductForm(instance=product, pk=product_id) if form.is_valid(): cd = form.cleaned_data print(f'cd = {cd}') cart.add(product=product, quantity=cd['quantity'], update_quantity=cd['update']) else: print(f'form.is_valid = {form.is_valid()}') print(f'request.POST = {request.POST}') print(f'form.errors = {form.errors}') print(f'form.non_field_errors = {form.non_field_errors}') field_errors = … -
How to use wkhtmltopdf in Windows dockerized Django app
I have an invoicing app that I made using Django. So far the invoicing app works fine without docker by specifying the wkhtmltopdf path in my windows as follows '''config = pdfkit.configuration(wkhtmltopdf='C:\Program Files\wkhtmltopdf\bin\wkhtmltopdf.exe')''' However, I decided to rebuild the app using Docker for deployment purposes. As a result, I am receiving the following error when I run the same app using docker. " OSError: No wkhtmltopdf executable found: "C:\Program Files\wkhtmltopdf\bin\wkhtmltopdf.exe" I have researched the internet on wkhtmltopdf docker image files but solutions are not made for windows or clear to me. Here Is my Docker file: # Pull base image FROM python:3.10.4-slim-bullseye # Set environment variables ENV PIP_DISABLE_PIP_VERSION_CHECK 1 ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE 1 ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1 # Set work directory WORKDIR /code # Install dependencies COPY ./requirements.txt . RUN pip install -r requirements.txt # Copy project COPY . . Can anyone please help me? which methods that I have to employ so that I can print pdfs from my docker environment? I am novice to Docker. Thanks In Advance -
Wrong Django User Creation
I created Users inside the admin view with my custom User model: class User(AbstractUser): phone_number = models.CharField(max_length=64) department = models.CharField(max_length=128) misc_settings = models.JSONField(null=True, blank=True) RelatedGroup = models.ManyToManyField(Group, related_name='GroupMember') when I created them, they appear there and seem to have everything i wanted, a username and an id/pk: [thats the screenshot of the admin] https://i.stack.imgur.com/RqJEB.jpg) However, when I try to check for them in the shell, they don't seem to exist properly? In [1]: from accounts.models import User In [2]: antoine = User(id=4) In [3]: antoine.id Out[3]: 4 In [4]: b = User(username="antoine") In [5]: b.id In [6]: b.username Out[6]: 'antoine' In [7]: antoine.username Out[7]: '' I need them to have, both a username and an id, how come they dont seem to have it? I'm honestly pretty new to both django and databases, so I dont get why this straight forward approach doesn't work type here -
Tailwind UI components not working in Django templates
I'm trying to use tailwind UI components in my Django project (I use Djang as Fullstack framework, not Django's REST Framework). The components I want to use require Vue.js or React (I went with Vue.js). When I copy & paste the components into my Django templates, the Vue.js code doesn't seem to work. By default, it's loaded in a <script setup> tag, and I tried loading it from a cdn like so: <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue/dist/vue.js"></script> <script type='text/javascript'>...</script> But it still doesn't work. I'm using django-tailwind to run tailwind. Anybody else who set up Tailwind UI Components in Django Templates and can help me with this? -
Django NOT NULL constraint error on imaginary field
I have been getting the following error. django.db.utils.IntegrityError: NOT NULL constraint failed: doctor_owner.doc_name This error primarily arises on when I save the owner information using .save() and the error it gives is on doc_name, which is not present in the model definition of the class Owner. I am clueless why it is giving such an error. My model is attached below: . This is my model description: from django.db import models # Create your models here. from base.models import BaseModel class Owner(BaseModel): owner_id = models.CharField(max_length=50) owner_name = models.CharField(max_length=250) class Pet(BaseModel): owner = models.ForeignKey(Owner, on_delete=models.CASCADE) pet_name = models.CharField(max_length=100) pet_age = models.DecimalField(max_length=3, decimal_places=2, max_digits=50) pet_specie = models.CharField(max_length=250) pet_gender = models.CharField(max_length=1) class Medicine(BaseModel): medicine_name = models.CharField(max_length=250) frequency = models.CharField(max_length=100) duration = models.CharField(max_length=100) class Prescription(BaseModel): pet = models.ForeignKey(Pet, on_delete=models.CASCADE) medicine = models.ForeignKey(Medicine, on_delete=models.CASCADE) class Treatment(BaseModel): pet = models.ForeignKey(Pet, on_delete=models.CASCADE) owner = models.ForeignKey(Owner, on_delete=models.CASCADE) doc_name = models.CharField(max_length=250) prescription = models.ForeignKey(Prescription, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
