Django community: RSS
This page, updated regularly, aggregates Django Q&A from the Django community.
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How to store user specific data in Django
In Django, How to store user specific data? I'm trying to creating a django web app, where user need to remember the order of random sequence fetched from database. I have to functions in my views, home and result I tried to store random sequence generated by home function into a global variable, and use that to validate in results function But , I think this can serve only one user at time What if second user requested for home page and that cause change in global variable, resulting unable to validate first user. -
How Can I search Django Multiple Tables with List
I want to search three models using forms in Django which are related by Foreignkey. And I also want to display a list of this search result with their respective details. The idea is that, I have the following django models; Event, Ticket, and Pin. And I want to search using the Event name but I can't figure out what is really the issue with my code I am having error which says Field 'id' expected a number but got 'Birth Day' so below is what I tried, Models: class Event(models.Model): event_name = models.CharField(max_length=100) date = models.DateField(auto_now_add=False, auto_now=False, null=False) event_venue = models.CharField(max_length=200) event_logo = models.ImageField(default='avatar.jpg', blank=False, null=False, upload_to ='profile_images') added_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) def __str__(self): return f"{self.event_name}" #Prepare the url path for the Model def get_absolute_url(self): return reverse("event_detail", args=[str(self.id)]) class Ticket(models.Model): event = models.ForeignKey(Event, on_delete=models.CASCADE) price = models.PositiveIntegerField() category = models.CharField(max_length=100, choices=PASS, default=None, blank=True, null=True) added_date = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True) def __str__(self): return f"{self.event} " #Prepare the url path for the Model def get_absolute_url(self): return reverse("ticket-detail", args=[str(self.id)]) def generate_pin(): return ''.join(str(randint(0, 9)) for _ in range(6)) class Pin(models.Model): ticket = models.ForeignKey(Ticket, on_delete=models.CASCADE) value = models.CharField(max_length=6, default=generate_pin, blank=True) added = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, blank=False) reference = models.UUIDField(primary_key = True, editable = False, default=uuid.uuid4) status = models.CharField(max_length=30, … -
how to show tabularinline data in json api django rest framework?
This is my code, the api only shows the "shorts" data and i want also shows the "subcard" tabularinline data models.py class Shorts(models.Model): shortName = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name='Short name') video = models.FileField(upload_to='shorts',verbose_name='VideoFile') short_url = models.URLField(default=False, verbose_name='Short URL') def __str__(self): return self.shortName class SubCards(models.Model): sentence = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='Sentence',default=False) meaning = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='meaning',default=False) parent_card = models.ForeignKey(Shorts,null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE) positionCard= models.IntegerField(null=True,verbose_name='positionCard') skip_to = models.FloatField(null=True,verbose_name='skip video to') def __str__(self): return "subCard" admin.py class cartita(admin.TabularInline): model = SubCards class subcard(admin.ModelAdmin): inlines=[cartita] admin.site.register(User) admin.site.register(Cards) admin.site.register(Shorts,subcard) This view sends the api response views.py class shortView(View): @method_decorator(csrf_exempt) def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs): return super().dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs) def get(self, request): shorts = list(Shorts.objects.values()) if len(shorts) > 0: data = {'message':'success','shorts': shorts} else: data = {'message':'short not found'} return JsonResponse(data) -
Django - webbrowser.open doesn`t work in production mode
I am developing an app that should send msg by WhatsApp. Running from Django Development Server works fine, but from Xampp it doesn't, I even tried opening whatsapp from the url directly in the project and it doesn't work either. The problem is open function from webbrowser module. Python 3.10.6 Django 3.2.0 def send_whatsapp(telefono, mensaje): try: webbrowser.open_new_tab(f"https://web.whatsapp.com/send?phone={telefono}&text={mensaje}") print("Mensaje enviado") except Exception: print("Error") Thanks!! -
How to use values and distinct on different field on Django ORM?
currently I have terms on my applications and one user can have a lot of terms registered, and my current model is like this class Term(models.Model): id = models.UUIDField("id", default=uuid.uuid4, editable=False, primary_key=True) user_id = models.PositiveIntegerField("user id", default=None) name = models.CharField() sometimes I need to do a query to get all the users who have terms registered, so I do the following query: Term.objects.filter(active=True) .order_by("user_id") .values("user_id") .distinct() and this is enough to solve my problems, but now I'll change my model and it will look like this: class Term(models.Model): id = models.UUIDField("id", default=uuid.uuid4, editable=False, primary_key=True) user_id = models.PositiveIntegerField("user id", default=None) name = models.CharField() shared_with = ArrayField(models.PositiveIntegerField("id do usuario"), blank=True) # New How you can see, I've added a new field named shared_with, that basically is a array of user ids which I want to share terms, So now I need to make a query who will return all ids who can have terms registered (shared_with included). So if i register a Term with user_id = 1 and shared_with = [2,3], my query need to return [1,2,3]. I've solved this problem today with the following code, but I think I can do this just using django ORM and one query: users = … -
Django failing to load images from my media file but is not giving me a 404 error and has the correct file path. What could be causing this issue?
To clarify my title, I have a database set up in my Django application that takes information from albums, including album covers. The image saves in the database, goes to the correct MEDIA_ROOT specified in my settings.py file, and shows the correct url path when checking the request path. I am using the latest version of Django and have Pillow installed to add the images into the database through the admin site. Previously, when the file path was wrong, Django served a 404 error and couldn't find the file. Now that the path is correct, it loads for a moment and then says "server not found". When I inspect the image, it says that the "connection used to fetch this resource was not secure." however I am running the server locally and am not in a production enviroment, and all answers related to this issue seem to come from running the server in production. When I attempt to open the image in a new tab, the tab says "Server not found" after attempting to load the filepath: "http://albums/filename_oja97pG.png" (you can see here the unsercure http response. I replaced the file name for privacy reasons.) I am unsure what would be … -
Cannot find default form templates after upgrading django from 3.x to 4.x
I just upgraded django from 3.x to 4.x. I am getting error for template not found: TemplateDoesNotExist at /admin/login/ django/forms/errors/list/default.html The template is in this location: ./lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/forms/templates/django/forms/errors/list/default.html Django is trying to look in those locations: django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader: ./project/templates/django/forms/errors/list/default.html (Source does not exist) django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader: ./lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/templates/django/forms/errors/list/default.html (Source does not exist) django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader: ./lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/templates/django/forms/errors/list/default.html (Source does not exist) django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader: ./project/android/templates/django/forms/errors/list/default.html (Source does not exist) django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader: ./project/webapp/templates/django/forms/errors/list/default.html (Source does not exist) django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader: ./lib/python3.8/site-packages/oauth2_provider/templates/django/forms/errors/list/default.html (Source does not exist) django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader: ./lib/python3.8/site-packages/rest_framework/templates/django/forms/errors/list/default.html (Source does not exist) django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader: ./lib/python3.8/site-packages/debug_toolbar/templates/django/forms/errors/list/default.html (Source does not exist) django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader: ./lib/python3.8/site-packages/ajax_select/templates/django/forms/errors/list/default.html (Source does not exist) So obviously, django is not even looking into it's own django.forms directory and I cannot figure out why. Is there some new settings on 4.x, that I am missing? Edit: It is caused in all places, where there's a form and form.non_field_errors is called, because returned ErrorList class is using this template. -
How to read the header content of a webpage in Django?
I created a search engine in Django and bs4 that scrapes search results from the Ask.com search engine. I would like when Django fetches search results from Ask, it checks the value of the X-Frame-Options header or if CSP_FRAME_ANCESTORS has the values "'self'", '*' in case the header exists in order to give a value to my notAccept boolean depending on the result of the condition. I took inspiration from this page of the Django documentation and also from this other page to write the following code: for page_num in range(1, max_pages_to_scrap+1): url = "https://www.ask.com/web?q=" + search + "&qo=pagination&page=" + str(page_num) res = requests.get(url) soup = bs(res.text, 'lxml') result_listings = soup.find_all('div', {'class': 'PartialSearchResults-item'}) for result in result_listings: result_title = result.find(class_='PartialSearchResults-item-title').text result_url = result.find('a').get('href') result_desc = result.find(class_='PartialSearchResults-item-abstract').text final_result.append((result_title, result_url, result_desc)) for header in final_result[1]: if(header.CONTENT_TYPE.X-Frame-Options == "DENY" | header.CONTENT_TYPE.X-Frame-Options == "SAMEORIGIN" | !(CSP_FRAME_ANCESTORS == ("'self'", '*'))): #The error is generated on this line head = True notAccept = bool(head) else: notAccept = bool(False) However, this gives me the following errors in the command line of my IDE: "(" was not closed Expected expression Expected ":" and the following warnings: "Frame" is not defined "Options" is not defined "CSP_FRAME_ANCESTORS" is not defined … -
data of foreign keys are not saving in django admin nested inlines
I'm trying to build a list of replicable fields where the order can be interchanged. To do so I've built three different models Multicap Multitext Multimg which are Inlines of the model Multis which is an Inline of the model Delta. I'm using django-nested-admin and everything works fine on the admin page, I can add new objects and change their order. The problem I have is that when I populate the fields, save the model and then check its content, all the data of the text fields are turned into zeros 0. instead, when I try to save the image I get this error: AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'field' models.py class Multis(models.Model): name = models.TextField(max_length=50, null=True, blank=True) delta = models.ForeignKey('Delta', related_name="delta", null=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE) class Meta: ordering = ('name',) def __str__(self): return str(self.name) class Multicap(models.Model): caption = models.TextField(max_length=50, null=True, blank=True) multic = models.ForeignKey('Multis', related_name="multicap", null=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE) class Meta: ordering = ('caption',) def __str__(self): return str(self.caption) class Multimg(models.Model): img = models.ImageField(upload_to="images", verbose_name='Image', null=True, blank=True,) multim = models.ForeignKey('Multis', related_name="multimg", null=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE) class Meta: ordering = ('img',) @property def img_url(self): if self.img and hasattr(self.img, 'url'): return self.img.url def get_image_filename(instance, filename): title = instance.post.title slug = slugify(title) return "post_images/%s-%s" % (slug, filename) def … -
Django get data from related model which has the FK
how can i make this queryset: SELECT p.*, o.name, o.link FROM property p INNER JOIN listing l on l.property_id = p.id INNER JOIN ota o on o.id = l.ota_id models class Property(Model): code = CharField() ... class Listing(Model): ota = ForeignKey(Ota) property = ForeignKey(Property) class Ota(Model): name = Charfield() link = Charfield() with Property.objects.all() I can see in the returned object that there is a listing_set let's say: queryset = Property.objects.all() queryset[0].listing_set.all() but it brings the entire model, and not the related to property_id; also tried to get Ota data in serializer with SerializerMethodField and perform a new query to get this info, but decrease performance significantly. -
Django User Authentication Trouble
Hello community, i'm new to Django. Learning and creating my first project. I'm trying to making the user authentication app, i create a Customer model which relate to Django default User Model, but unfortunately when i approve registration form its create Customer model and User model separately, and User can use my web application only after i assume his profile in admin panel. Is a way automate this process? It doesn't cause errors, but doing it by hand every time is insane. Would be thankful for the help ... Here is my authentication.views from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout from django.shortcuts import render, redirect from django.contrib.auth.models import User from django.contrib import messages from utils import cookieCart from django.conf import settings from django.core.mail import send_mail # Create your views here. def auth_home(request): if request.method == 'POST': username = request.POST['username'] first_name = request.POST['first_name'] last_name = request.POST['second_name'] mobile_number = request.POST['mobile'] email = request.POST['email'] city = request.POST['city'] pass1 = request.POST['password1'] pass2 = request.POST['password2'] my_user = User.objects.create_user(username, email, pass1) my_user.username = username my_user.email = email my_user.first_name = first_name my_user.last_name = last_name my_user.confirmed_password = pass2 my_user.city_from = city my_user.mobile_number = mobile_number my_user.save() messages.success(request, "Ваш аккаунт успешно создан! :) ") subject = "WHO'S THE BOSS ONLINE STORE" … -
envfile syntax. How integers (like PORTs) should be written
I wonder if these configs are the same: Config 1: EMAIL_PORT=587 EMAIL_USE_TLS=True EMAIL_USE_SSL=None Config 2: EMAIL_PORT='587' EMAIL_USE_TLS='True' EMAIL_USE_SSL='None' settings.py (or just a random python file): EMAIL_PORT = os.getenv('EMAIL_PORT') EMAIL_USE_TLS = os.getenv('EMAIL_USE_TLS') EMAIL_USE_SSL = os.getenv('EMAIL_USE_SSL') Will my, let's say EMAIL_PORT in settings.py get a value of 587 or it will be '587' instead, or if EMAIL_USE_TLS will get the pythonic boolean True or 'True' instead? What is the suggestion on assigning variables in envfile? How to handler such booleans, integers or any other non-string values? thanks! -
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'widget_tweaks' with Django in VSCode Debugger
widget_tweaks is installed and added in INSTALLED_APPS in my setting.py. If I start the server with python3 manage.py runserver in the terminal it works. If I start the vscode debugger, I get this error in the Debug Console: File "/Users/frank/Dev/MyListApp/env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 193, in create import_module(entry) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1004, in _find_and_load_unlocked ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'widget_tweaks' My launch.json is: { "name": "MyList", "python": "/Users/frank/Dev/MyListApp/env/bin/python3", "type": "python", "request": "launch", "program": "${workspaceFolder}/MyListApp/manage.py", "console": "internalConsole", "args": [ "runserver" ], "django": true, "justMyCode": true, } As test: If I use PyCharm, I get the same error when I start the PyCharm debugger. Where is the problem? In the terminal it works, in the debugger not... -
How to add RQ progress bar in Django
What I'm trying to do is to display a progress bar from background task from rq library, so is there a way to display a progress bar , I'm running rq from windows 10 on WSL 2 from Ubuntu 20.0.4 Any help will be appreciated , Thanks alot! -
how to convert arraylist into list only
i have response data on the below: [{ "id": "8943832a-94e4-49e9-944f-022b65c9aa4b", "created": "2022-09-10T04:35:49.173268Z", "updated": "2022-09-10T04:35:49.204274Z", "pick_up_address": "pokhara", "drop_off_address": "kathmandu", "price": "120", "status": "REQUESTED", "email": "admin5@gmail.com", "username": "admin5" }, { "id": "16004d18-e0d0-4e35-b147-bb3234403602", "created": "2022-09-10T04:40:40.238071Z", "updated": "2022-09-10T04:40:40.282818Z", "pick_up_address": "kathmandu", "drop_off_address": "pokhara", "price": "200", "status": "REQUESTED", "email": "admin5@gmail.com", "username": "admin5" } ] but i need a response like this on the below { "id": "8943832a-94e4-49e9-944f-022b65c9aa4b", "created": "2022-09-10T04:35:49.173268Z", "updated": "2022-09-10T04:35:49.204274Z", "pick_up_address": "pokhara", "drop_off_address": "kathmandu", "price": "120", "status": "REQUESTED", "email": "admin5@gmail.com", "username": "admin5" }, { "id": "16004d18-e0d0-4e35-b147-bb3234403602", "created": "2022-09-10T04:40:40.238071Z", "updated": "2022-09-10T04:40:40.282818Z", "pick_up_address": "kathmandu", "drop_off_address": "pokhara", "price": "200", "status": "REQUESTED", "email": "admin5@gmail.com", "username": "admin5" } the code of here below serializer.py class NestedTripSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): driver = UserSerializer(read_only=True) passenger = UserSerializer(read_only=True) # custom in nested serializer def to_representation(self, instance): #pop passenger and driver data = super().to_representation(instance) is_list_view = isinstance(instance, list) #passenger email and username extra_ret = { 'email': self.context['request'].user.email, 'username': self.context['request'].user.username, } if is_list_view: for item in data: item.update(extra_ret) else: data.update(extra_ret) return data def get_ class Meta: model = Trip fields = '__all__' depth = 1 and the code of views.py below:- class TripView(viewsets.ReadOnlyModelViewSet): lookup_field = 'id' lookup_url_kwarg = 'trip_id' serializer_class = NestedTripSerializer permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated,) def get_queryset(self): user = self.request.user if user.group == 'driver': trip = Trip.objects.filter(Q(status='REQUESTED')) trip … -
Annotating a query with a foreign key and many-to-many in Django
I have a django operation that I'm performing in 2 steps, but I'd like to see if there's a way to do it with just 1 database query. Say I have these models: class Budget(models.Model): ... class Company(models.Model): budgets = models.ManyToManyField( Budget, related_name="companies" ) class Employee(models.Model): company = models.ForeignKey( Company, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="employees" ) Now I want to get an employee, and find the IDs of the budgets that are associated with this employee, through the company: employee = Employee.objects.get(id=employee_id) allowed_budgets = employee.company.budgets.values_list("id", flat=True) Am I correct that this would perform 2 database queries? Is there a way to add allowed_budgets as an annotation on Employee so only 1 query is performed? employee = Employee.objects .annotate( allowed_budgets=# how do I get employee.company.budgets.values_list("id", flat=True) here? ) .get(id=employee_id) Thanks a lot! -
Getting error when creating access token :- {"error": "invalid_client"}
I perform below steps to create an access token. but getting error {"error": "invalid_client"} go to this link http://<ip_address>:/o/applications/ fill form to register your application enter below command in CMD curl -X POST -d "grant_type=password&username=<user_name>&password=" -u"<client_id>:<client_secret>" http://<ip_address>:/o/token/ Also, I installed required libraries for access token help of this https://django-oauth-toolkit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/rest-framework/getting_started.html Image of error attached below Error I am getting -
How to display my own html form instead of doing {{ form.as_p }} with forms.py django?
I have forms.py file with usercreation form inside of it. It works just fine, but the only way I can display fields in it(first_name, last_name, username, email, password and password confirmation is by writing {{ form.as_p }}. I want to display it the way I could style it. Are there any ways to do that? -
aws - beanstalk - how to check path of a file/script?
I am trying to deploy a Django REST framework api and reactjs app to AWS Beanstalk. The api works if I use postman. When I try to load the main.js I get the error: http://django-env1.eba-ispw2cg9.us-west-2.elasticbeanstalk.com/static/frontend/main.js 404 Not Found I have moved the static/frontend folder to the main folder. How can I check the directory structure and where exactly to put the static folder so that the above url will find it and load? -
drf ModelSerializer field level validation
I'm trying to Field-Level validation to validate branch field in ModelSerialzer but this method never called. class UserProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): branch = serializers.ChoiceField(choices=Branch.choices) class Meta: model = UserProfile exclude = ['user'] def validate_branch(self, branch): print(branch) return branch.upper() class CustomRegisterSerializer(RegisterSerializer): profile = UserProfileSerializer(source="userprofile") @transaction.atomic def create(self, validated_data): validated_profile_data = validated_data.pop('profile') user = User.objects.create(**validated_data) UserProfile.objects.create(user=user, **validated_profile_data) return user I followed this drf docs. -
pgtrigger to update another tables column with COUNT value
I'm trying to use triggers to track total reactions on a Video model. Whenever the Reaction model gets an INSERT or UPDATE request of reaction, it should update the video's reaction count with the value returned from the COUNT function. I just can't seem to understand how to make a simple update statement/function of the Video. Need Help. Current code: class Video(models.Model): ... reaction_count = models.IntegerField(default=0, null=False, blank=False, unique=False) class VideoReaction(models.Model): class Meta: db_table = "video_reaction" triggers = [ pgtrigger.Trigger( name = "VideoReaction_TRIGGER_count", when = pgtrigger.After, operation = pgtrigger.Insert | pgtrigger.Update, func = "id_video__reaction_count = COUNT(reaction)" ) ] id = models.CharField(max_length=10, primary_key=True, null=False, blank=False, unique=True) id_user = models.ForeignKey(User, db_column="id_user", on_delete=models.CASCADE) id_video = models.ForeignKey(Video, db_column="id_video", on_delete=models.CASCADE) reaction = models.BooleanField(null=False, blank=False) ... -
Django how to copy subset of object values to a new object?
I need to create a new Django DB object by inheriting some values from an existing objects. If I just wanted to create a new copy of an objects I would simply do this: objB =OBJ.objects.get(pk=objA_id) objB.pk = None objB.save() But I want only copy certain values from the object. So I would do something like this and simply override the old values I don't want: objB =OBJ.objects.get(pk=objA_id) objB.pk = None objB.key1 = value1 objB.key2 = value2 objB.key3 = None objB.save() My question is if there is a better or “pythonic” way to do that? -
Can you check the null in django-tables2 and make it not included in the table?
First of all, I am sorry for using a translator because I am not familiar with English. I am currently using django-tables2, and it works. However, the null column is included in the table, and I don't want it. Can you check the null in django-tables2 and make it not included in the table? (Not displayed on the screen) -
Based on Consecutive same Item in Python List ,update the item in other list
p=["stay","stay","stay","onmove","onmove"] o=[21,42,376,458,2455] d=[None,None,None,None,None] In p list we have 3 stays and 2 on moves ,so I need to write conditional for loop so that d list item value is updated.So the condition is when the p list has either same consecutive stays or onmoves for example first 3 indexes has stay values and I need to update 3rd index of d list with subtracted value of 3rd and 1st index from o list and next 2 onmoves are there in p list then I would subtract by taking 5th and 4th index value from o list and update 5th index in d list . result would be : d=[None,None,355,None,1997] Actually above list examples are taken for explanations but d list in my case would be duration and o list would timestamps and p is same as stay on move values in it. -
serializer field not showing up
the trips field in carserializer shows up on the response, however, the field tickets in Tripserializer doesn't, the logic looks pretty identical, what am I missing here? from rest_framework import serializers from .models import Car, Ticket,Trip class TicketSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = Ticket fields = '__all__' class TripSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): tickets = TicketSerializer(many=True,read_only=True,required=False,source='ticket_set' ) class Meta: model = Trip fields = '__all__' class CarSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): trips = TripSerializer(many=True, read_only=True, required=False, source='trip_set') class Meta: model = Car fields = '__all__' here's my models.py from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model User = get_user_model() class Car(models.Model): created_by = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) model = models.CharField(max_length=100) no_plate = models.CharField(max_length=10) pub_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) imgUrl = models.TextField() def __str__(self): return self.no_plate class Meta: ordering = ["-pub_date"] class Trip(models.Model): car = models.ForeignKey(Car, on_delete=models.CASCADE) seats = models.IntegerField() price = models.FloatField() start = models.CharField(max_length=200) finish = models.CharField(max_length=200) pub_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) def __str__(self): return self.request class Meta: ordering = ["-pub_date"] class Ticket(models.Model): car = models.ForeignKey(Car, on_delete=models.CASCADE) ticket_by = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) trip = models.ForeignKey(Trip,related_name='tickets', on_delete=models.CASCADE) pub_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) def __str__(self): return self.question class Meta: unique_together = ("car", "ticket_by") and the views file from rest_framework import generics,status from .models import Car,Trip,Ticket from .serializers import CarSerializer, TripSerializer,TicketSerializer from rest_framework.response import Response from rest_framework.views import APIView from …
