Django community: RSS
This page, updated regularly, aggregates Django Q&A from the Django community.
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How to convert ImageField Object into JSON Django
I have this data and want to return using Django JSON, calling this function using Ajax but it gives me error. I have tried everything dups, convert to string and many more but failed. *TypeError: Object of type ImageFieldFile is not JSON serializable * [<ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_2.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_3.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_4.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_5.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_6.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_7.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_8.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_9.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_10.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_11.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_12.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_13.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_14.jpg>, <ImageFieldFile: photos/E5542982/E5542982_15.jpg>] I have tried my best to solve but am unable to solve this error. Can anyone help me please? -
Wagtail ChoiceBlock dynamic default value
I have a wagtail ChoiceBlock, thats dynamically loading it's choices from a function. My question is how do I set the default as the first value returned from that function? index = ChoiceBlock( choices=get_blog_index_pages, required=True, help_text='Select a Blog Index to filter dynamic results' default=? ) -
populate Django database my code with Faker library, when I was compiling it did not showing any error, but not populate fake data in admin page
This is my first file which is the script for populating the database: ('fake_data.py') when I run python fake_data.py it showing "populating fake_data populating complated!" This file is 'module.py' But when I am running server the fake data is not in admin page. -
Replace UUID field content back to default null
Using Django==2.2.27, and Postgres I have a Model, with a UUID field: from django.db import models class MyModel(models.Model): uuid_field = models.UUIDField( blank=True, db_index=True, null=True, ) I need to delete the field (column) content for some objects (rows) - but when I try: my_object.uuid_field = None my_object.save() I get this error: ValidationError: ["'None' is not a valid UUID."] ^ That makes sense, since the value is definitely not a UUID: link A bit more explanation: I can create objects without populating the uuid_field so it stays null I will most likely populate the uuid_field I might need to delete the uuid_field content I cannot change the UUIDField to a char field or anything else Is there a way to get the field back to its default null using Django ORM? Thank you! -
Django unit test to see if model is registered to admin page
I have a URL (/admin/) that goes to my Django admin panel (my URL router:url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),) This admin panel includes an admin for the Post model. That Post model is being registered by a ModelAdmin class called PostAdmin. admin.py: from .models import Post class PostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ( 'id', 'slug', 'title', 'author' ) admin.site.register(Post, PostAdmin) Now I want to write a unit test for this admin.py file and I want to check that if you go to the /admin/ URL you see the Post Model. How would you do this? I think it would be something like: response = method_gets_url_content(`/admin/`) assert.response.contains('Tags') == True But I'm not sure how to write a test like this since there is no method to get that URL (/admin). -
Python parse JSON from bytes or string?
I copied code from Django REST framework docs to parse JSON which uses a byte stream. with open(path, 'rb') as file: stream = io.BytesIO(file.read()) return JSONParser().parse(stream) Is there any advantage in using a byte stream over a string? More performant? Less chance on issues with encoding? I'm also wondering why Django Restframework has its own JSONParser and doesn't use the Python standard lib json. Finally, I saw orjson, supposedly the fastest parser. Any experiences with that one? -
How to make a rawSQL query in Django?
A simple question, but I did't find the exact result that I am looking since I am no very familiarized with SQL queries. I have this, which is a pk list corresponding to the countries: countries_list = list(accounts.values_list('country', flat=True)) I am looking for efficiency, so I am trying to do this as a rawSQL query basic_countries = BasicCountry.objects.exclude(country__in=countries_list) Any idea? Thanks in advance! I have tried this: countries_list = tuple(accounts.values_list('country', flat=True)) basic_countries_raw = BasicCountry.objects.raw(f"SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE id IN {countries_list}") -
How to run python function at specific date each year?
I am building a website in Django, where i have to run python function on 1st April every year how can I do that. -
How to make an attribute required(or not) if another attribute(BooleanField) is True in Django?
I want that a field be required for the user when making a blog post just if other field(BooleanField) is True. If it's False, it would be okay if the user doesn't complete anything. How can I do it? Let's say I have this model class Post(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_lenght=50) is_female = models.BooleanField() age = models.IntegerField() So, I want that the age attribute be required just if the is_female is True Thanks! -
how to create an update form in django without creating new view or page?
I want to create an update form that would track the completion of a tutorial, in the models.py there is a completed = models.BooleanField that the user would need to check in order to make the tutorial as complete, but i do not want to create another page or view for this feature, how can i do this in the tutorialDetail View? views.py def programmingLanguageTutorial(request, prglangcat_slug, prg_slug ): prglangtut = ProgrammingLanguageTutorial.objects.get(slug=prg_slug, prglangcat=prglangcat) # Save Learning Progress/ mark as complete if request.method == "POST": complete_form = MarkTopicAsCompleteForm(request.POST) if complete_form.is_valid(): complete_form.save() return redirect('base:tutorial-page', prglangcat.slug, prglangtut.slug) else: complete_form = MarkTopicAsCompleteForm() context = { 'complete_form': complete_form, } return render(request, 'base/tutorial-page.html', context) urls.py from django.urls import path from base import views app_name = 'base' urlpatterns = [ path('getting-started/<prglangcat_slug>/<prg_slug>/', views.programmingLanguageTutorial, name="tutorial-page"), ] -
How to send email via SendGrid instead of a file-based EmailBackend in Django
I'm using a file-based EmailBackend in Django. I don't want to store emails in a folder, instead, I want to use SendGrid. I'm following this tutorial here: https://learndjango.com/tutorials/django-password-reset-tutorial?msclkid=0c678f63ac0211ec9f8ff2047d0a934e Here's the concerned part of settings.py: EMAIL_BACKEND = "django.core.mail.backends.filebased.EmailBackend" EMAIL_FILE_PATH = BASE_DIR + "/sent_emails" All emails are stored in this folder /sent_emails. I don't want to do this. The tutorial linked above mentions MailGun and SendGrid, but it doesn't detail how to use that there. This is the Python code required to send an email via SendGrid, but because I'm using Django's built-in reset password facility (which I'm trying to do here), I do not think this is going to be of much help alone, not added to some sort of event that Django provides: message = Mail( from_email='jeff@example.com', to_emails='bob@example.com', subject='Greetings in different languages', html_content=" <ul> <li>Spanish: Hola!</li> <li>French: Salut!</li> <li>Japanese: こんにちは!</li> <li>German: Hallo!</li> <li>Italian: Ciao!</li> </ul> ") try: sg = SendGridAPIClient(os.environ.get('SENDGRID_API_KEY')) response = sg.send(message) print(response.status_code) print(response.body) print(response.headers) except Exception as e: print(e.message) The email data above is only an example, and in the app I do not intend to use it (BTW I'm polylingual). Do you know how to do this? -
Django Circular Import Issue
I am having a Circular Import Error, even thought I do not have imports going both ways between apps. Here are the 2 apps models I have, please tell me what am I doing wrong? Also, I was working on some views and suddenly this error appeared, before that I was working just fine with no issues. App 1: from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser from django.urls import reverse from django.template.defaultfilters import slugify from .utils import * from .constants import * class City(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=45) posted = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) class Meta: verbose_name = "Ville" verbose_name_plural = "Villes" def __str__(self): return self.title class Account(AbstractUser): phone = models.CharField(max_length=15, null=True, blank=True) phone_verified = models.BooleanField(default=False) email_verified = models.BooleanField(default=False) address = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True) dobd = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=DAYS, null=True, blank=True) dobm = models.CharField(max_length=9, choices=MONTHS, null=True, blank=True) doby = models.CharField(max_length=4, null=True, blank=True) city = models.ForeignKey(City, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, null=True, blank=True) gender = models.CharField(max_length=5, choices=GENDERS, null=True, blank=True) profilepic = models.FileField(upload_to="profile_pics/", null=True, blank=True) points = models.IntegerField(default=0) lat = models.CharField(max_length=50, null=True, blank=True) lon = models.CharField(max_length=50, null=True, blank=True) captcha_score = models.FloatField(default=0.0) updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) receive_sms = models.BooleanField(default=True) receive_email = models.BooleanField(default=True) new = models.BooleanField(default=True, editable=False) class Meta: verbose_name = "Compte" verbose_name_plural = "Comptes" def __str__(self): return self.username class UserModel(Account): … -
Django heroku push gives could not build wheels for backports.zoneinfo error
I am trying to push a django project to heroku. heroku create worked fine but when trying to push to heroku main I get the following error. ''' Enumerating objects: 5317, done. Counting objects: 100% (5317/5317), done. Delta compression using up to 2 threads Compressing objects: 100% (1852/1852), done. Writing objects: 100% (5317/5317), 72.93 MiB | 134.00 KiB/s, done. Total 5317 (delta 4004), reused 4506 (delta 3415) remote: Compressing source files... done. remote: Building source: remote: remote: -----> Building on the Heroku-20 stack remote: -----> Determining which buildpack to use for this app remote: -----> Python app detected remote: -----> No Python version was specified. Using the buildpack default: python-3.10.4 remote: To use a different version, see: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/python-runtimes remote: -----> Installing python-3.10.4 remote: -----> Installing pip 21.3.1, setuptools 57.5.0 and wheel 0.37.0 remote: -----> Installing SQLite3 remote: -----> Installing requirements with pip remote: Collecting asgiref==3.4.1 remote: Downloading asgiref-3.4.1-py3-none-any.whl (25 kB) remote: Collecting backports.zoneinfo==0.2.1 remote: Downloading backports.zoneinfo-0.2.1.tar.gz (74 kB) remote: Installing build dependencies: started remote: Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done' remote: Getting requirements to build wheel: started remote: Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done' remote: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): started remote: Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml): finished with status … -
Django: Reverse for 'add_review' with arguments '('',)' not found. 1 pattern(s) tried: ['movies/addreview/(?P<id>[0-9]+)/\\Z']
I want to add review function in movie_detail.html, but I don't know how to query comments and map to movie_detail.It returns Reverse for 'add_review' with arguments '('',)' not found error. My url.py: urlpatterns = [ path('', MovieList.as_view(), name='movie_list'), path('<int:pk>', MovieDetail.as_view(), name='movie_detail'), path('search/', MovieSearch.as_view(), name='movie_search'), path('addreview/<int:id>/', views.add_review, name='add_review'), ] My model.py: class Movie(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=200) actors = models.CharField(max_length=500, null=True) poster_url = models.CharField(max_length=200) director = models.CharField(max_length=200, default='') score = models.FloatField() genres = models.CharField(max_length=200) language = models.CharField(max_length=200, default='English') durations = models.IntegerField(default=0) regions = models.CharField(max_length=200, default='') release_date = models.DateField(default=timezone.now) description = models.TextField(max_length=1000, default='') year = models.IntegerField(default=2000) views_count = models.IntegerField(default=0) created = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now) def __str__(self): return self.title def genres_as_list(self): genre_list = self.genres.split('/') return genre_list def actors_as_list(self): return self.actors.split('/') class Review(models.Model): movie = models.ForeignKey(Movie, on_delete=models.CASCADE) user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) comments = models.TextField(max_length=1000) rating = models.FloatField(default=0) data_added = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) def __str__(self): return self.user.username my view.py: class MovieDetail(DetailView): model = Movie template_name = "main/movie_detail.html" def get_object(self): object = super().get_object() object.views_count += 1 object.save() return object def get_context_data(self, **kwargs): context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs) context['links'] = MovieLinks.objects.filter(movie=self.get_object()) context['related_movies'] = Movie.objects.filter(genres__in=self.get_object().genres_as_list()).order_by( 'created')[0:6] # context['reviews'] = Review.objects.filter(id=self.kwargs['pk']) return context class MovieSearch(ListView): model = Movie paginate_by = 20 template_name = "main/movie_list.html" def get_queryset(self): query = self.request.GET.get('query') if query: object_list = self.model.objects.filter(title__icontains=query) else: object_list … -
How to send Crypto payments in Python to user?
I have a Django website that can be categorized under gambling. So the users will be able to deposit and withdraw money/crypto. I have created the deposit part where the user is able to deposit money to the website. Now I am stuck with the withdrawal part. Every tutorial and post I have read are about the user to website payment part. I can't find anything that would help me with the website to user process. For deposit I have used PayPal and Coinbase APIs. Also, I am quite new, so please forgive me for any discrepancies. Could someone please help me with the solution or guide me in the right direction? -
Django pass context into another view from dispatch
I want to redirect users to either a ListView or DetailView based on their role through the SiteDispatchView. If DetailView, I want to pass the request.user.site into the DetailView, but I encounter: AttributeError: Generic detail view SiteDetailView must be called with either an object pk or a slug in the URLconf. My URL for the DetailView is path('<int:pk>/', SiteDetailView.as_view(), name='detail-site'), (Note that site is a OnetoOneField with the Site and User models.) # views.py class SiteDispatchView(LoginRequiredMixin, View): def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs): if request.user.role >= 2: return SiteDetailView.as_view()(request, self.request.user.site) else: return SiteListView.as_view()(request) class SiteDetailView(LoginRequiredMixin, generic.DetailView): template_name = "project_site/site_detail.html" context_object_name = "project_sites" model = Site def get_success_url(self): return reverse("project_site:detail-site") -
How Can I save custom form in django admin?
I created custom form in django user admin, I can't save value, when I want to change it. Sorry,I'm bigginer in django. forms.py class Oplata(forms.ModelForm): oplata = forms.CharField(label='Oplata:',initial='0') admin.py admin.site.unregister(User) class MyUserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): form = Oplata add_fieldsets = ( (None, { 'classes':('wide',), "fields": ( 'oplata'), }), ) def save(self,*args ,**kwargs): return super(MyUserAdmin,self).save(*args,**kwargs) # list_display = ('qiwibalance') # Register your models here. admin.site.register(User,MyUserAdmin) -
Django - Display list of products with specifications from a foreign key
I have a Product model, and a ProductCustomField model which holds all of the specifications for each product. It has a foreign key back to Product. I just want to be able to list each product along with the specifications for that product. As the code is right now, for each product, it displays the specifications for all products. model class Product(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=255, unique=True) def __str__(self): return self.name[:50] class ProductCustomField(models.Model): product = models.ForeignKey(Product, on_delete=models.CASCADE) key = models.CharField(max_length=255) value = models.CharField(max_length=255) def __str__(self): return self.key[:50] view def product_lines_view(request): context = { 'product_list': Product.objects.all(), 'spec_list': ProductCustomField.objects.all(), } return render(request, 'product_lines/product_list.html', context) template {% for product in product_list %} <h2>{{ product.name }}</h2> <ul> {% for spec in spec_list %} <li>{{ spec.key }}</li> <li>{{ spec.value }}</li> </ul> {% endfor %} {% endfor %} -
Django admin: filter_horizontal with custom search/filter results
I have a simple model with ManyToManyField. class Meeting(models.Model): place = models.CharField() date = models.DateField() persons = models.ManyToManyField(Person) Person model contains basic information about person. class Person(models.Model): login = models.CharField(unique=True) first_name = models.CharField() last_name = models.CharField() def __str__(self): return self.login In my MeetingAdmin(ModelAdmin) class I have filter_horizontal('persons',) that is used for adding multiple people when creating new Meeting object. This works perfectly fine. In the left menu it's showing the list of all persons(filtering by login). As you may know, filter_horizontal contains search box on the top of the left menu. Examples I would also like to be able to filter persons here by their first name and last name. For example, if there is a person with fields (login='mylogin', first_name='John', last_name='Smith') and I type 'Jo' or 'Smi' in search box, this person is displayed as a search result, etc. 'mylogin' since login field is representation of Person model. -
TemplateSyntaxError at /blogapp/author/1/ Could not parse the remainder: '==user.username' from 'request.user==user.username'
what can we use inside {% %} ? Template error: In template C:\Users\SHAFQUET NAGHMI\blog\blogapp\templates\blogapp\authorview.html, error at line 7 Could not parse the remainder: '==user.username' from 'request.user==user.username' 1 : {% include 'blogapp/home.html' %} 2 : {% load static %} 3 : {% block content %} 4 : <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'blogapp/authorview.css' %}"> 5 : <!-- Latest compiled and minified CSS --> 6 : <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css"> 7 : {% if request.user==user.username %} 8 : {{user.username}} 9 : {% endif %} 10 : <h1>{{user.username}}</h1> 11 : <!-- <h1>{{request.user}}</h1>--> 12 : {% for post in a %} 13 : <div > 14 : <div class="container"> 15 : <h2 class="display-1">{{post.title}} </h2> 16 : <p class="display-2">{{post.summary}}</p><br> 17 : <p class="display-2">{{post.Newpost}}</p> -
Make permission methods in Django admin more DRY
I have two ModelAdmins in my admin.py. Each have the exact same permission methods (has_view_permission, has_add_permission, has_change_permission, has_delete_permission, has_module_permission). Is there a way I could make this more DRY? admin.py: class FirstAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ( 'id', 'title', 'author' ) def has_view_permission(self, request, obj=None): if request.user.is_admin: return True def has_add_permission(self, request): if request.user.is_admin: return True def has_change_permission(self, request, obj=None): if request.user.is_admin: return True def has_delete_permission(self, request, obj=None): if request.user.is_admin: return True def has_module_permission(self, request): if request.user.is_admin: return True class SecondAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ( 'id', 'category', ) def has_view_permission(self, request, obj=None): if request.user.is_admin: return True def has_add_permission(self, request): if request.user.is_admin: return True def has_change_permission(self, request, obj=None): if request.user.is_admin: return True def has_delete_permission(self, request, obj=None): if request.user.is_admin: return True def has_module_permission(self,request): if request.user.is_admin: return True -
HELLO GUYS, PLEASE I WANT GET RATE, TERMS AND TITLE PATTERNING TO EACH GIFTCARD TO MY TEMPLATE
#GIFTCARD MODEL class Giftcard(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=False) card_image = models.ImageField(upload_to='Giftcard', blank=False) date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) publish = models.BooleanField(default=False) #CARD CATIGORY MODEL class CardCategory(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=150, blank=False) rate = models.IntegerField(blank=True) term = models.TextField(blank=False) cardName = models.ForeignKey(Giftcard, on_delete=models.CASCADE) #GIFTCARD VIEW. @login_required(login_url='/Authentication/login') def giftcard(request, cardName): giftcards = Giftcard.objects.all().filter(publish=True) card_category = CardCategory.objects.filter(cardName=cardName) print(card_category) context = { 'giftcards': giftcards, 'card_category': card_category, } return render(request, 'dashboard/giftcard.html', context) #HERE IS MY TEMPLATE <div class="container-fluid bg-light gift__card-modal shadow-lg"> <div class="pop p-5"> <div class="row d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between"> <div class="col-lg-5 col-12 p-0 m-0"> <img class="img-fluid" src="{{ giftcard.card_image.url }}"> <p class="text-muted">Select the card category and the amount.</p> </div> <div class="col-lg-6 col-sm-12 card-details"> <form class="card-form"> <div class="form-group py-2"> <label for="card-category">Card category</label> <input list="category" class="form-control" name="category" id="card_category" placeholder="Select card category"> <datalist id="category"> {% for card_category in card_category %} <option value="{{ card_category.title }}">{{ card_category.title }} </option> {% endfor %} </datalist> </div> <div class="form-group py-2"> <label for="Amount">Amount</label> <div class="d-flex align-items-center amount"> <input type="text" class="form-control" id="amount" placeholder="Please enter amount"> <span class="">#100,000</span> </div> </div> <div class="form-group py-3"> <label for="rate">Current rate - 250</label> </div> <div class="border-none pt-2 pl-3 d-flex justify-content-end"> <button type="button" class="btn process-card-btn">Proceed</button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> -
Django (Python) User Permission
I have a moderate knowledge about the django and python. I need a guide to know how to create user permission with GUI control as shown in the attached image. May Thanks Dear, I have a moderate knowledge about the django and python. I need a guide to know how to create user permission with GUI control as shown in the attached image. May Thanks -
Django create singleton class by using the follwing code of field validation
i created a prectice project of school management system. in witch i have three entity student and teacher and principal. i created individual form for taking the informtion all all theis entity. now i am appling field validation on it. so i want to create a singleton class of validation by this i can use one object of this class for validation of all three entity. how i can create this class @login_required(login_url='/') def add_student(request): course = Course.objects.all() session_year = Session_Year.objects.all() if request.method == "POST": profile_pic = request.FILES.get('profile_pic') first_name = request.POST.get('first_name') last_name = request.POST.get('last_name') email = request.POST.get('email') username = request.POST.get('username') password = request.POST.get('password') address = request.POST.get('address') gender = request.POST.get('gender') course_id = request.POST.get('course_id') session_year_id = request.POST.get('session_year_id') #validation for empty first_name num = 0 if not first_name: messages.warning(request,'please enter first name') #return redirect('add_student') num = num+1 # validation for correct enter first_name if not first_name.isalpha() and first_name!="": messages.warning(request,'please correct enter first name') #return redirect('add_student') num = num+1 #validation for empty last_name if not last_name: messages.warning(request,'please enter last name') #return redirect('add_student') num = num+1 # validation for correct enter last_name if not last_name.isalpha(): messages.warning(request,'please correct enter last name') #return redirect('add_student') num = num+1 # validation for unique email if Customuser.objects.filter(email=email).exists(): messages.warning(request,'Email Is Already … -
html multiple form submit with javascript on keypress
I have a django app, which consists of a surface that generically adds text areas and their respective submit buttons (jinja 2 templates). I am trying to submit the text area content with keypress now instead of the button. The issue is as following: submitting the textarea (when filled with user input) by clicking on the button posts form data, namely the content of the text area and a value that is assigned to the submit button, namely an id for the respective text. In Django's views, I am accessing the data through request.POST. Now, I managed to submit the text area content on button press, but logically the id of the key is not accessible since the button is not pressed (and its value not submitted). How would I send the id now? Can I modify the request object with javascript, adding the key-value pair for the id? Or can I submit the value of a hidden submit button with JS when submitting the text area on key press? What is best for security reasons and cross-browser compatibility? Here is my (reduced) code: template for text area <form action="{% url 'myapp:txtarea' %}" method="post"> <textarea name="inputtext" onkeypress="submitTextAreaOnKeyPress('{{idn}}')" class="xyz" cols="30" rows="1" …
