Django community: RSS
This page, updated regularly, aggregates Django Q&A from the Django community.
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How to get original host in django using proxy?
I use nginx proxy for a django application. And I want request.META['HTTP_HOST'] parameter to get my real host. So I use USE_X_FORWARDED_HOST setting parameter. But request.META['HTTP_HOST'] still gets wrong value from proxy. nginx location / { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://backend:8000; } django settings USE_X_FORWARDED_HOST = True SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https') parts of request.META variable 'HTTP_HOST': 'backend:8000', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO': 'http', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_HOST': 'localhost', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SERVER': 'localhost', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR': '192.168.240.1' Why USE_X_FORWARDED_HOST setting doesn't work? I use Django 4.0. -
About TailwindCSS with Django
I want to use Tailwind CSS in Django project. When googling, I found following two ways. Use CDN Use Tailwind CLI tool Using CDN is simpler, so I will use CDN, but doc says that CDN is not the best way. Then I have questions. Why Using CDN is not the best choice? Which is better? -
django: html submit form and display result in smae page without jumping/rereshing into new page
I am new to django and html. below is my first test web page of a simple online calculator. I found a problem that when clicking the "submit" button, it tends to jump to a new web page or a new web tab. this is not what I want. Once the user input the data and click "submit" button, I want the "result" field on the page directly show the result (i.e. partially update only this field) without refresh/jump to the new page. Also I want the user input data kept in the same page after clicking "submit". I saw there might be several different ways to do this work, iframe/AJAX. However, I have been searching for answers for 5 days and none of the answers really work for this very basic simple question!! html: <form method="POST"> {% csrf_token %} <div> <label>num_1:</label> <input type="text" name="num_1" value="1" placeholder="Enter value" /> </div> <div> <label>num_2:</label> <input type="text" name="num_2" value="2" placeholder="Enter value" /> </div> <br /> <div>{{ result }}</div> <button type="submit">Submit</button> </form> view.py def post_list(request): result = 0 if request.method == "POST": num1 = request.POST.get('num_1') num2 = request.POST.get('num_2') result = int(num1) + int(num2) print(request.POST) print(result) context = { 'result': result } return render(request, 'blog/post_list.html', … -
Import "django.urls" could not be resolved from sourcePylancereportMissingModuleSource
I am getting default django homepage while I have linked urls perfectly. and if i run it is saying that django module is not present (Import "django.urls" could not be resolved from sourcePylancereportMissingModuleSource). While I have started the project with Django, -
Why the ip address captured by HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR is diferrent from the address shown in the device
I want some clarification regarding ip address captured by HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR. In my website I am storing the ip address of the visitors to count the number of visits. The code that I am using for this is this function is used to capture the ip def get_ip(request): try: ip_forward = request.META.get('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR') if ip_forward: ip = ip_forward.split(",")[0] print("returning forwarded for ip address", ip) elif request.META.get('HTTP_X_REAL_IP'): ip = request.META.get('HTTP_X_REAL_IP') print ("returning REAL_IP ", ip) else: ip = request.META.get('REMOTE_ADDR') print("returning remote address ", ip) except: ip= "" return ip after the above function is called on the index view it is then passed to this function for storing the ip def visitor_count(ip): visitor = VisitorCount() visitor.ip = ip visitor.date_of_record = datetime.now() if VisitorCount.objects.all().filter(ip = visitor.ip ,date_of_record__icontains= datetime.today().date()).exists(): pass print("the ip", visitor.ip,"recorded on", visitor.date_of_record ,"already exists and wil not be saved") else: print('this is the ip address of the user that has been saved', visitor.ip) visitor.save() return "saved" as you can see it prints what it is doing. My site is hosted in heroku (if that metters). I went through some satckoverflow questions but could not find an ans to what I wanted to. Now suppose when I am going to the site, and … -
resubmitting some fields inside a form resets choicefields
I made a form inside a user detail page where the superuser can fill them or update them. this is the model form I'm using: class PsychologicInfo(models.Model): id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) question1 = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True) question2 = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True) question3 = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True) info1 = models.CharField(max_length=64, choices=SURVEY_INFO1_CHOICES, blank=True) info2 = models.CharField(max_length=64, choices=SURVEY_INFO2_CHOICES, blank=True) info3 = models.CharField(max_length=64, choices=SURVEY_INFO3_CHOICES, blank=True) final_assessment = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True) is_interviewed = models.BooleanField(default=False) def save(self, *args, **kwargs): if self.info1: self.is_interviewed = 'True' super(PsychologicInfo, self).save(*args, **kwargs) however, when I enter the user detail page and try to update some fields, for instance, the final assessment field, all the choice fields(info1,info2,info3) get reset! but other fields stay the same so whenever I want to edit a field, I need to fill those choice fields again. this is the view I wrote: class PsychologicInfoView(FormMixin, DetailView): model = PsychologicInfo template_name = 'reg/psychologic-info.html' form_class = PsychologicInfoForm def get_success_url(self): return reverse('psychologic-info', kwargs={'pk': self.object.pk}) def get_context_date(self, **kwargs): context = super(PsychologicInfoView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs) context['form'] = PsychologicInfoForm() return context def post(self, request, pk): self.object = self.get_object() form = PsychologicInfoForm(request.POST, instance=get_object_or_404(PsychologicInfo, id=pk)) if form.is_valid(): return self.form_valid(form) else: return self.form_invalid(form) def form_valid(self, form): f = form.save(commit=False) f.user = self.object.user f.save() return super(PsychologicInfoView, self).form_valid(form) and this is my … -
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Set the DATABASE_URL environment variable
I annotate text data (building data sets for named entity recognition models) using AlpacaTag, which was designed using Python on Django. I followed the steps of GitHub's[[AlpacaTag]][1] Reamde. When I run the command python manage.py migrate (I come to find information, to know this is the Django's command of database migration), The program threw an exception: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/site-packages/environ/environ.py", line 367, in get_value value = self.ENVIRON[var] File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/os.py", line 669, in __getitem__ raise KeyError(key) from None KeyError: 'SECRET_KEY' During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "manage.py", line 22, in <module> execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 419, in execute_from_command_line utility.execute() File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 413, in execute self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 354, in run_from_argv self.execute(*args, **cmd_options) File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 398, in execute output = self.handle(*args, **options) File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 86, in wrapped saved_locale = translation.get_language() File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/translation/__init__.py", line 254, in get_language return _trans.get_language() File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/translation/__init__.py", line 57, in __getattr__ if settings.USE_I18N: File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 82, in __getattr__ self._setup(name) File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 69, in _setup self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module) File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 170, in __init__ mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE) File "/home/duzx21/miniconda3/envs/alpacatag/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 994, … -
Auto fill rate field depending on the option selected in django
from django.db import models Create your models here. class Course(models.Model): course = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True) duration = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True) charges = models.IntegerField(default= '0', blank=True,null=True) description = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True, null=True) def __str__(self): return self.course class Meta: db_table = "course" class Student_Details(models.Model): gender = ( ("1", "Male"), ("2", "Female"), ("3", "Other"), ) course = models.ForeignKey(Course, on_delete=models.CASCADE,blank=True) roll = models.IntegerField(default= '0', blank=True,null=True, unique=True) dob = models.DateField(blank=True,null=True) stu_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True) contact_no = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True, null=True) email = models.EmailField(max_length=50,blank=True, null=True) gender = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, choices=gender) state = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True) city = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True) pin = models.IntegerField(blank=True, null=True) address = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True, null=True) admission_date = models.DateField(auto_now_add=False, auto_now=False, blank=True, null=True) last_updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=False, auto_now=True) timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, auto_now=False) def __str__(self): return self.stu_name class Meta: db_table = "student_detail" class StudentResult(models.Model): select_student = models.ForeignKey(Student_Details, on_delete=models.CASCADE,blank=True) # name = models.CharField(max_length=55,blank=True, null=True) course = models.CharField(max_length=55,blank=True, null=True) marks = models.IntegerField() full_marks = models.IntegerField() def __str__(self): return self.name class Meta: db_table = "student_result" -
Search Functionality
django, this search functionality is working but data is not displaying on the template. I'm beginner in django. Please help me view.py: def search(request): search_machinename = request.GET.get('q') if (search_machinename is not None) and search_machinename: machinename = Item.objects.filter(QuerySet(machinename__icontains=search_machinename) | QuerySet(operationno__icontains=search_machinename)) if not machinename: machinename = Item.objects.all() context = {'machinename': machinename} return render(request, 'usermaster/item-form.html', context) Template file: item-form.html: Webpage of this template <form action="{{url.search}}" method='get' value='{{ request.get.q }}' enctype="multipart/form-data"> {% csrf_token %} {{fields}} <input type="text" name="q" value='{{ request.GET.q }}'> <button type="submit">Search</button> <table> {% for data in machinename %} <tr> <td>{{ data.machine_name }}</td> <td>{{ data.operation_no }}</td> </tr> {% endfor %} </table> </form> code is working but it is not displaying on webpage -
Django customising template for form
SuspiciousOperation at /signup/ ManagementForm data is missing or has been tampered. Request Method: POST Request URL: http://localhost:8000/signup/ Django Version: 3.2.9 Exception Type: SuspiciousOperation Exception Value: ManagementForm data is missing or has been tampered. Exception Location: C:\Users\arund\Desktop\Code\Django\portfolio-project\venv\lib\site-packages\formtools\wizard\views.py, line 282, in post I was trying to change my templates by adding 2 buttons for the forms and got this error. It displays the two buttons but everytime I click one it doesn't submit correctly. I want to make the is_doctor field in the modal set to false or true depending on the button click. from django.shortcuts import redirect, render from .forms import PickUserType, SignUpForm, UserProfileForm from django.contrib.auth import login, authenticate from formtools.wizard.views import SessionWizardView def show_message_form_condition(wizard): # try to get the cleaned data of step 1 cleaned_data = wizard.get_cleaned_data_for_step('0') or {} # check if the field isDoctor was checked. return cleaned_data.get('is_doctor')== False def process_data(form_list): form_data = [form.cleaned_data for form in form_list] print(form_data) return form_data WIZARD_FORMS = [("0", PickUserType), ("1" , SignUpForm), ] TEMPLATES = {"0": "pickUserType.html", "1": "createUser.html"} class ContactWizard(SessionWizardView): def done(self, form_list, **kwargs): process_data(form_list) return redirect('home') def get_template_names(self): return [TEMPLATES[self.steps.current]] forms.py from django import forms from django.core.files.images import get_image_dimensions from django.forms.widgets import RadioSelect from pages.models import Profile from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm … -
Django + Channels: message interrupted by posting
I am coding a page that contains a form to create a game (several field) and just below a list of all the created games. When I post the new game, I would like the list of games to refresh for all the connected users of the page. My consumer.py: def receive(self, text_data): games = serialize_games() # Send new game info to Lobby async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_send)( 'Lobby', { 'type': 'message_to_lobby', 'message': games, }) def message_to_lobby(self, event): print('messages sent to lobby') message = event['message'] self.send(text_data = message) In my template I have a jquery portion of code that sends message to the websocket just prior the post is submitted: $("#create_game_form").submit(function(e) { alert('sent');LobbySocket.send(JSON.stringify({ 'message': 'reload' }));}); During the posting, the receive function is well called, whereas the message handler (message_to_lobby) is not, since the rendering in the view section disconnect the websocket before... Would it help to use async functions instead (I don't really see why...)? Or maybe Django + Channels are not meant to make POST and channels work together? Otherwise, I may have the possibility to ask for the consumer to send an update signal to group users very 2sec or something like this, but I don"t find it very elegant. -
How to create blob url from normal url in react
I'm building a website that provides quality videos for students. So I want a feature that is students don't see the URL of the video. How I implement that feature on Reactjs. I used technologies Django and ReactJS. -
What traffic level is good for Sqlite?
I'm using Sqlite3, and I want to be sure it's good for me. The traffic I kinda get will be 'round 2500 - 5000 people * how many apartments choose to use the service, because this is for communities, like an apartment complex, to use. I'm using Django, and the things that I had developed using Sqlite on my local don't work well with the Postgres I have on my server. So I thought that I could just use Sqlite and migrate to Postgres only later. So I want to know until when can I use Sqlite? -
DRF - Using custom permission class as default permission class
In my django project, I have created an app called 'base' in which the files are structured as follows: backend | |--app (created via startproject) | | | |--settings.py | |--base (created via startapp) | |--permissions | | | |--init.py | | | |--IsActivatedAccount.py | |--views |--serializers As you can see, I have created a 'permissions' package in which I have created a custom permission class called 'IsActivatedAccount'. Here is how the files look: init.py: from .IsActivatedAccount import * IsActivatedAccount.py: from rest_framework.permissions import BasePermission from ..models import * class IsActivatedAccount(BasePermission): message = 'Email verification pending' def has_permission(self, request, view): return request.user.status != User.Status.PENDING_ACTIVATION Now, I am trying to use this permission as the default permission class in combination with IsAuthenticated permission class from django-rest-framework. Here is how I have added it in settings.py of the project. settings.py REST_FRAMEWORK = { 'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [ 'rest_framework_simplejwt.authentication.JWTAuthentication', ], 'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [ 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated', 'base.permissions.IsAccountActivated', ], } Due to 'base.permissions.IsAccountActivated', the server is failing to start and here is the error that I am getting: Exception in thread django-main-thread: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/mouli/.local/share/virtualenvs/backend-yIk9pObI/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 30, in import_string return cached_import(module_path, class_name) File "/home/mouli/.local/share/virtualenvs/backend-yIk9pObI/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 16, in cached_import return getattr(modules[module_path], class_name) AttributeError: module 'base.permissions' has no … -
How to filter by range OR "null" value? (I.e. combine NumberFilter range and BooleanFilter for null=True IntegerField)
I have a Item model with a numeric number field. This number field defaults to null. # models.py class Item(models.Model): number = models.IntegerField(default=None, blank=True, null=True) I want to set-up filters that can return a queryset of Items where number is in range - which is straightforward enough: # filters.py class ItemFilter(django_filters.FilterSet): min_num = django_filters.NumberFilter(method="min_num_filter") max_num = django_filters.NumberFilter(method="max_num_filter") class Meta: model = Item fields = ("min_num", "max_num", "incl_null") def min_num_filter(self, queryset, name, value): return queryset.filter(number__gte=value) def max_num_filter(self, queryset, name, value): return queryset.filter(number__lte=value) But what if I want to have an additional Boolean filter that can include Items that has null for number along with whatever Items matches the min_num and max_num range? So for example, a URL query in the form of ?min_num=1&max_num=10&incl_null=True should return all Items where number is between 1 and 10 OR number is equal to None. The following code does not work: class ItemFilter(django_filters.FilterSet): ... incl_null = django_filters.BooleanFilter(method="incl_null_filter") class Meta: model = Item fields = ("min_num", "max_num", "incl_null") // doesn't work class incl_null_filter(self, queryset, name, value): if value is True: return queryset | Item.objects.filter(number=None) if value is False: return queryset -
Is it possible to integrate Stripe Subscriptions using dj-stripe into a Django application that already has category, products, and order models built
I'm building a fitness subscription application with Django, Python, and Stripe. Since I will be selling a variety of products, workout plans, nutrition plans, and merchandise I wanted to implement a subscription based payment model. I have already built apps and models for Categories, Products, and orders and am just now looking at integrating the payment model. (I have the shopping bag app and the beginnings of the checkout app built also) I've been looking at Stripe Subscriptions and it seems the most straight forward way of implementing it would be by syncing the data with dj-stripe, so I added the products through the stripe dashboard. But my concern is what will happen if/when I sync the data from Stripe to my application? I already have a sqlite3 db for development and a postgres db for production with all this data. Will the synced data just create a replica in the database or sync up to what's already there? I'm new to Stripe and Django and have tried to find this information online but am struggling to find an answer to this question. Any advice surrounding Stripe Subscriptions would be so so appreciated! Apologies if this question does not meet … -
My website was showing CSS fine until I did collectstatic - Django
My website was doing everything well and showing all the CSS until I ran collectstatic on it. Now everything is how it would look if CSS didn't exist. Is there any solution to this? Or is there some way I can delete the collectstatic to get back the previous thing? -
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'project.wsgi'
Trying to deploy my django application to elastic beanstalk using github actions but I'm getting ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'project_pit.wsgi'. The project is deploying correctly to aws but it is Degraded after deploy. Github Action: jobs: build: runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - name: Checkout source code uses: actions/checkout@v2 - name: Generate deployment package & zip run: zip -r deploy.zip . -x '*.git*' - name: Get timestamp uses: gerred/actions/current-time@master id: current-time - name: Run string replace uses: frabert/replace-string-action@master id: format-time with: pattern: '[:\.]+' string: "${{ steps.current-time.outputs.time }}" replace-with: "-" flags: "g" - name: Deploy to EB uses: einaregilsson/beanstalk-deploy@v20 with: aws_access_key: ${{ secrets.AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID }} aws_secret_key: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }} application_name: project-pit environment_name: project-pit-cloud version_label: "app-${{ steps.format-time.outputs.replaced }}" region: ap-southeast-2 deployment_package: deploy.zip - name: Deployed! run: echo App deployed to ELB -
Hi there, how to i listen in django channels for the data/sms from different chats even if I m not inside of any specific room
Im trying to build a chat app with multiple rooms and i want to be able to listen for any data even if am not in any room, like whatsapp web, you can receive data of any user even if you are not inside that chat from where you are receiving data. -
Django form tools switch forms
I would like to make a conditional if is_doctor is checked else. So currently it will display the form if the form is checked now I would like to add another form if it isn't checked how would I attempt to do so? urls.py from django.urls import path from pages.views import index, ContactWizard, show_message_form_condition from pages.forms import PickUserType, SignUpForm contact_forms = [PickUserType, SignUpForm] urlpatterns = [ path('', index, name='home'), path('signup/', ContactWizard.as_view(contact_forms, condition_dict={'1': show_message_form_condition} ),name='signup'), ] forms.py from django import forms from pages.models import Profile from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm from datetime import date, timedelta class PickUserType(forms.Form): is_doctor = forms.BooleanField(required=False) # verified = FileSystemStorage(location=os.path.join(settings.MEDIA_ROOT, 'doctor')) # from django.core.files.storage import FileSystemStorage class SignUpForm(UserCreationForm): first_name = forms.CharField(max_length=30, required=False, help_text='Optional.') last_name = forms.CharField(max_length=30, required=False, help_text='Optional.') email = forms.EmailField(max_length=254, help_text='Required. Inform a valid email address.') class Meta: model = Profile fields = ('username', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'password1', 'password2', ) views.py from django.shortcuts import redirect, render from .forms import SignUpForm, UserProfileForm from django.contrib.auth import login, authenticate from formtools.wizard.views import SessionWizardView def show_message_form_condition(wizard): # try to get the cleaned data of step 1 cleaned_data = wizard.get_cleaned_data_for_step('0') or {} # check if the field isDoctor was checked. return cleaned_data.get('is_doctor', True) class ContactWizard(SessionWizardView): def done(self, form_list,form_dict, **kwargs): print(form_list) print(form_dict) print(kwargs) … -
Two Django apps, two different nginx servers, cannot load static files on 2nd server from 1st server
I have two servers, test1.com and test2.com. Test1 is internet-facing public server. Test2 is intranet only server. Both servers have nginx docker running. Test1 runs a Django app1 which has static files under /app/public/static. App1 can load the static files and run correctly from URL https://test1.com/app1. Test2 has a Django app2 which has static files under /app/public/static on server test2 from URL https://test2.com/app2. Everything works including static files. The issue is I need to configure nginx1 to allow people to access app2 from the public internet. With the configuration nginx1 below I can load app2 but not the app2 static files. The error is: "GET /static/img/logo.jpg HTTP/1.1", host: "test1.com", referrer: https://test1.com/app2/ . The nginx is looking for app2 static file under test1 which obviously ‘file not found’. How can I configure nginx1 to look for app2 static files under test2.com, with a url of https://test2.com/app2/? : user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; client_max_body_size 50m; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade { default upgrade; '' close; } … -
how to upload a csv file with pandas to a Database created by Django and set the Graph with matplotlib
i created a data base useing Django, so far I made the path for the File to models.FileField the plan is when someone upload a csv file it will generate a graph and display it as .png in the html post detail template. models.py: class Post(models.Model): files_Modulus = models.FileField(null=True,upload_to="chapters/%Y/%m/%D",default='no_data.html) Each uploaded file have the path:\media\chapters\2021\12\12\31\21\test.csv How can I tell pandas to read every file will the user upload to that path in the models.py as upload_to="chapters/%Y/%m/%D"and make a graph useing matplotlib and save it as PNG file and place it in the HTML template. -
Overriding Django model save method with image resizing
The below code successfully override the save method class News(models.Model): ........... photo=models.ImageField() def save(self,*args, **kwargs): super().save(*args, **kwargs) img1 = Image.open(self.image1.path) if img1.height > 400 or img1.width > 400: output_size = (400,400) img1.thumbnail(output_size) img1.save(self.image1.path) But after super().save() code, image is being opened and saved. Is it an efficient method? how its possible to reopen image after saving . -
Standard superuser creation in Django admin give unrecognizable error
python manage.py createsuperuser --username='donfox' After password is entered this is returned raise TypeError("%s() got an unexpected keyword argument '%s'" % (cls.name, kwarg)) TypeError: User() got an unexpected keyword argument 'email' The User is extended from an "AbstractUser". class User(AbstractUser): email = None first_name = None last_name = None REQUIRED_FIELDS = [] def __str__(self): return self.email class Meta: db_table = 'User' Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default --------------+--------------------------+-----------+----------+------------------------------------ id | integer | | not null | nextval('"User_id_seq"'::regclass) password | character varying(128) | | not null | last_login | timestamp with time zone | | | is_superuser | boolean | | not null | username | character varying(150) | | not null | is_staff | boolean | | not null | is_active | boolean | | not null | date_joined | timestamp with time zone | | not null | -
How to merge list of dictionaries by unique key value [duplicate]
I want to merge list of dictionary provided below with unique channel and zrepcode. sample input: [ { "channel": 1, "zrepcode": "123456", "turn": 7833.9 }, { "channel": 1, "zrepcode": "123456", "pipeline": 324 }, { "channel": 1, "zrepcode": "123456", "inv_bal": 941.16 }, { "channel": 1, "zrepcode": "123456", "display": 341 }, { "channel": 3, "zrepcode": "123456", "display": 941.16 }, { "channel": 3, "zrepcode": "123456", "turn": 7935.01 }, { "channel": 3, "zrepcode": "123456", "pipeline": 0 }, { "channel": 3, "zrepcode": "123456", "inv_bal": 341 }, { "channel": 3, "zrepcode": "789789", "display": 941.16 }, { "channel": 3, "zrepcode": "789789", "turn": 7935.01 }, { "channel": 3, "zrepcode": "789789", "pipeline": 0 }, { "channel": 3, "zrepcode": "789789", "inv_bal": 341 } ] Sample output: [ {'channel': 1, 'zrepcode': '123456', 'turn': 7833.9, 'pipeline': 324.0,'display': 341,'inv_bal': 941.16}, {'channel': 3, 'zrepcode': '123456', 'turn': 7935.01, 'pipeline': 0.0, 'display': 941.16, 'inv_bal': 341.0}, {'channel': 3, 'zrepcode': '789789', 'turn': 7935.01, 'pipeline': 0.0, 'display': 941.16, 'inv_bal': 341.0} ]
