Django community: RSS
This page, updated regularly, aggregates Django Q&A from the Django community.
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how to give the adress of subdomain on gunicorn_config file
I am trying to deploy a django app. I a m using gunicorn . I used gunicorn_config.py : command='/root/m/bin/gunicorn' pythonpath='/root/m' bind='xxxxxx.net' workers=3 for the main domain which works well but for subdomain named admin. I tried bind = 'admin.xxxxx.net' which doesn't works bind = 'xxxx.net/admin' which also doesn't works. Can anyone help how to write bind for subdomain -
How to display a Foreign Key in django template?
My template is set up like this: {% for deck in deck %} <a href='{% url 'deck_detail' deck.title %}'> <li class='deckCards'> <div class='deckText'> <div class='deckTitle'>{{deck.title}}</div> <div class='deckCreator'>{{deck.creator}}</div> <div class='deckSubject'>{{deck.subject}}</div> <div class='deckQuestion'>{{deck.questions.count}} Questions</div> <div class='deckAccuracy'>{{The part I need help with}}%<div> </div><!-- end of deckText --> My model is like so: class DeckAccuracy(models.Model): deck = models.ForeignKey(Deck, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='accuracy') user = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='attempted_deck') deck_accuracy = models.IntegerField(default=0) num_of_attempts = models.IntegerField(default=0) total_score = models.IntegerField(default=0) def __str__(self): return str(self.deck) My view: def DashboardView(request): user = request.user deck = Deck.objects.all() return render(request, "cards/dashboard.html", {'deck': deck, 'user': user}) I can't figure out how to display the deck accuracy directly within the for loop of my template. Thank you so much for your help! -
Set a timer to know how long the unknown face was on the screen in face recognition using opencv in python?
I'm learning face recognition using opencv in python and wondering If I can set a timer to know if the unknown face gets detected for more than 5 seconds than I will call some function(). So I used start time and end time inorder to get the difference of 5 but it's not working properly. Any clue to make this code working ? def gen(camera1): startTime = time.time() while True: label, frame = camera1.get_frame() if label=="unknown": endTime = time.time() if (endTime - startTime > 5): print("Inside If condition Longer than 5 seconds") function() else: yield b'--frame\r\nContent-Type: image/jpeg\r\n\r\n' yield frame yield b'\r\n\r\n' yield label -
how to update data only if the sql query we have entered exists through python?
I want to update one table in mysql which has 3 rows what i want is to update any row with update command but this has to be happened only when there exists a particular row i.e.if i update it like updatedata = "update table12 set name='Dhiraj', city='Delhi' where id=25" then it should give me an error Here is my code: import pymysql db = pymysql.connect('localhost','root','','firstdb') print("database connected successfully") cur = db.cursor() updatedata = "update table12 set name='Dhiraj', city='delhi' where id=25" if updatedata: try: cur.execute(updatedata) db.commit() print("Data updated successfully...") except: print("Something went wrong!") else: print("There is no any data you entered!") -
"Forbidden (CSRF cookie not set.)" in Django dev env using https without valid certificate
Pretty sure this is the reason I'm getting the Forbidden (CSRF cookie not set.) error in my development environment: Working on Azure AD authentication URI Redirects require either localhost or https:// Since I'm developing in a local k8s cluster with skaffold, it has an minikube ip like 192.168.64.7 Thus, I'm having to do https://192.168.64.7/ for my URI redirects and not using a valid SSL certificate since I'm just in dev I'm at the point where I'm sending the accessToken from the React FE to the our API for it to be validated again there Pretty sure Django is seeing https:// and that it is not valid causing this error So my questions are: Am I correct about why this error is coming up? Is there a setting I can enable in development to ignore this? Or is my only option to get a valid SSL certificate for my dev environment? I have verified that doing the following does not work: ALLOWED_HOSTS = [ '*' ] Also, GET requests are working but POST are not. #views.py from django.shortcuts import render from django.views import View from django.http import HttpResponse # Create your views here. class TestView(View): def post(self, request): return HttpResponse('Hello World') … -
Django readonly fields are not getting autopopulated in TabularInline admin while saving
In Django models.py, I have model A and B class A (models.Model): Name = models.CharField(max_length=100) Location = models.CharField(max_length=100) def__(str)__(self) : return "%s" %(self.Name) class B(models.Model): Name = models.ForeignKey(A, on_delete=models.cascade) Added_by = models.ForeigKey(User, null=True,on_delete=models.cascade,related_name="Added_by") Added_date = models.DateTimeField(default=datatime.now) Modified_by = models.ForeigKey(User, null=True,on_delete=models.cascade,related_name="Modified_by") Modified_date = models.DateTimeField(editable=False,blank=True) class B_admin(admin.TabularInline): model = B extra = 0 readonly_fields=["Added_by","Added_date","Modified_by","Modified_date"] classes = ('grp-collapse grp-closed',) inline_classes = ('grp-collapse grp-closed',) def save_model(self, request,obj form, change): if getattr(obj, '', None) is None: obj.Added_by = request.user obj.Modified_by = request.user obj.Added_date = datetime.now() obj.Modified_date = datetime.now() else: obj.Modified_by = request.user obj.Modified_date = datetime.now() obj.save() class A_admin (admin.ModelAdmin): Inline = [B_admin] list_display = ['Name','location'] list_filter = ['Name','location'] search_fields = ['Name','location'] classes = ('grp-collapse grp-closed',) inline_classes = ('grp-collapse grp-closed',) The admin page A is working fine with Model B as TabularInline. Also, the readonly_fields looks good inside TabularInline. The problem is when the admin page gets saved, the readonly_fields (Added_by, Modified_by, Modified_date) are showing blank and are not getting autopopulated. Added_date is working correctly since i have mentioned default=datetime.now while declaring inside model B. Other 3 fields are not getting autopopulated. Any idea? Thanks in advance -
Connect a domain to a Django app deployed with google cloud
I made a Django app and deployed it with google app engine. It is working and I can indeed access it with the URL google is providing me. I also have a domain name I bought on Ionos and I'd like to connect my domain to my Django app. I'm pretty sure I should configure the DNS. But I can't find the parameters in google cloud platform that would allow me to do so. Anyone knows where to find the DNS parameters on google cloud platform ? Thanks -
How do i send alert email in django?
I want to create a property rental app where users can search property by location. If the property is not found in the particaular time, the user is notified via email when the property in that particular location is added. so how can i solve this problem?` -
Check if the /profile page is redirecting to /login page and add a warning message
Just an FYI that I'm currently at day 4 learning Django (Thanks to Corey Schafer's amazing playlist) I just completed creating the Login-logout system and was trying to add a warning message when a user tries to access the /profile without being logged in which successfully redirects to the /login page . And since the @login_required decorator doesn't have that built-in, I was trying to think of a logic which would check, if the /profile page redirects to the /login page > add a warning message. (I tried creating my own decorator but the messages.warning fxn would require a user request which would throw an error) Kinda like this noob-ey code I tried : @login_required def profile(request): if LOGIN_URL == 'login': messages.warning(request, 'You need to login in order to access this page.') return render(request, 'users/profile.html') -
Django Rest pass variable not in model for logic in overridden save method
In DRF how can I pass for example a boolean which isn't in my model from ModelViewSet so it can be used in a overridden save method for some logic? I know with a model instance you can just assign it, but I'm unsure if this is possible from ModelViewSet or goes against the general flow of DRF. -
How to shift time during django-tests
Hello I wonder is there a way to shift time during tests, globally. during tests when I call django.utils.timezone.now() to return shifted time, I need it because the software I am testing is pretty complex and if I could shift times just to be sure if all tasks and api calls are doing their jobs. For testing I am using django.tests.TestCase Thank you any help will be apprecated! -
Django views confusion, two views show same content
I have a python django application. I had a view, which I duplicated and changed slightly to create a second view. But they seem to be hooked together and duplicate the page content, when they should be different. Here is my urls.py from django.urls import path, include from django.contrib.auth import views as auth_views from django.views.generic.base import RedirectView from . import views app_name = 'app' urlpatterns = [ # Journals by Discipline path('journals-by-discipline/', views.journals_by_discipline, name='journalsByDiscipline'), path('journals-by-discipline/chart-data/<str:discipline>/', views.journals_by_discipline_chart_data), path('journals-by-discipline/journals-and-disciplines-map/', views.get_journals_and_disciplines_map), path('journals-by-discipline/disciplines-list/', views.disciplines_list), # Journals By Discipline (Elsevier) path('journals-by-discipline-elsevier/', views.journals_by_discipline_elsevier, name='journalsByDisciplineElsevier'), path('journals-by-discipline/chart-data/<str:discipline>/', views.journals_by_discipline_chart_data_elsevier), path('journals-by-discipline/journals-and-disciplines-map/', views.get_journals_and_disciplines_map), path('journals-by-discipline/disciplines-list/', views.disciplines_list), ] I have two views, journals_by_discipline and journals_by_discipline_elsevier Here is my views.py from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required from django.http import JsonResponse from rest_framework.decorators import api_view from rest_framework.response import Response import datetime as datetime from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta from urllib.parse import unquote import json from .onefigr_analysis import Data # Instantiate Data object to fetch data across all views data = Data() # Journals by Discipline Page def journals_by_discipline(request): template_name = 'app/journals-by-discipline.html' return render(request, template_name) @api_view(['GET']) def disciplines_list(request): if request.method == 'GET': return Response(data.get_disciplines_list()) @api_view(['GET']) def journals_by_discipline_chart_data(request, discipline): if request.method == 'GET': query_discipline = unquote(discipline) return Response(data.journals_by_discipline_chart_data(discipline)) @api_view(['GET']) def get_journals_and_disciplines_map(request): if request.method == 'GET': … -
Django - saving model via a form is not working
I'm having a little problem with the .save() method in Django. For 1 form it works, for the other it doesn't. And I can't find the problem. views.py @login_required def stock_add(request, portfolio_id): if request.method == 'POST': print('request.method is ok') form = StockForm(request.POST) print('form is ok') if form.is_valid(): print('form is valid') stock = form.save(commit=False) stock.created_by = request.user stock.portfolio_id = portfolio_id stock.save() return redirect('portfolio-overview') else: print("nope") else: print('else form statement') form = StockForm() context = { 'form':form } return render(request, 'portfolios/stock-add.html', context) forms.py class StockForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model = Stock fields = ['quote', 'amount'] html {% extends 'core/base.html' %} {% block content %} <div class="container"> <h1 class="title">Add Stock</h1> <form method="POST" action="."> {% csrf_token %} {{ form.as_p }} <button type="submit" class="button is-primary">Submit</button> </form> </div> {% endblock %} models from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import User # Create your models here. class Portfolio(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=56) description = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True, max_length=112) created_by = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='portfolios', on_delete=models.CASCADE) created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) class Meta: verbose_name_plural = 'Portfolio' def __str__(self): return self.title class Stock(models.Model): Portfolio = models.ForeignKey(Portfolio, related_name='stocks', on_delete=models.CASCADE) quote = models.CharField(max_length=10) amount = models.IntegerField() created_by = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='stocks', on_delete=models.CASCADE) created_at = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True) def __str__(self): return self.quote If you look at the views.py file, when I submit … -
Django HttpResponse "expected a bytes-like object, str found"
I'm getting the above TypeError from a healthcheck route on Django 3.1.2 on python 3.6. The full error logged is: ERROR 2020-11-02 16:09:50,154 /home/centos/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/log.py log_response Internal Server Error: /healthcheck/ Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home/centos/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 47, in inner response = get_response(request) File "/home/centos/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sentry_sdk/integrations/django/middleware.py", line 134, in __call__ return f(*args, **kwargs) File "/home/centos/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sentry_sdk/integrations/django/middleware.py", line 90, in sentry_wrapped_method return old_method(*args, **kwargs) File "/home/centos/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/deprecation.py", line 116, in __call__ response = self.process_response(request, response) File "/home/centos/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/middleware/common.py", line 113, in process_response response['Content-Length'] = str(len(response.content)) File "/home/centos/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/http/response.py", line 315, in content return b''.join(self._container) TypeError: sequence item 0: expected a bytes-like object, str found That error is raised every time the route is requested. The full view definition is: def healthcheck_view(request): response = HttpResponse("OK", content_type="text/plain") return response What on earth have I done?? -
How to get data from a form written directly in the template not in forms.py?
I have a page with images and I want to be able to delete some of them so I wrote this form: <form method="post"> {% for img in images %} <img src={{img.image.url}}> <input type="checkbox" id={{img.id}} value={{img.id}}> {% endfor %} <button type="submit">DELETE</button> </form> and this the views.py: def lemqes(request, iid): images = IMAGE.objects.filter(id=iid) if request.method == 'POST': #how can I continue to delete multiple images return render(request, 'del.html', {'images' : images}) -
When I send message using WebSocket to the group, single user receives all the message instances
When some user send a message to some Group, only one (last connected) user receives all the message instances, but others receive nothing. A sends Message to Group with users A,B,C: C gets 3 message instances A gets nothing B gets nothing How can I solve this problem? #consumers.py class ChatConsumer(WebsocketConsumer): def connect(self): room_id = int(self.scope['url_route']['kwargs']['room_id']) room = get_room(room_id) self.chat = get_chat(room) chat_name = str(self.chat.id) self.chat_group_name = 'chat_%s' % chat_name self.user = self.scope['user'] if room_id == 19 or is_user_in_room(self.user, room): # Join room group async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_add)( self.chat_group_name, self.channel_name ) self.accept() else: self.close() def disconnect(self, close_code): # Leave room group async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_discard)( self.chat_group_name, self.channel_name ) # Receive message from WebSocket def receive(self, text_data): text_data_json = json.loads(text_data) message = text_data_json['message'] message = save_message(self.user, self.chat, message) async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_send)( self.chat_group_name, { 'type': 'chat.message', 'message': message } ) # Receive message from room group def chat_message(self, event): message = event['message'] print(self.user, self.channel_name) # prints different users, different channel names # Send message to WebSocket self.send(text_data=json.dumps({ 'message': message })) var ws = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8000/ws/room_chat/19/"); ws.send(JSON.stringify({ message: this.state.struct })); -
Meaning of 'part%04d' in python
hello I am using python but I am Stuckenter image description hereat this point. where I don't know the meaning of this word "part%04d" in python. that's why I am asking you what is the meaning of this 'part%04d' in python? if you know then plz help me thank you! -
How to use the same connection for two differents consummers in Django Channels?
I use the last version of django channels(V3) and i have two consummers. This is my routing.py application = ProtocolTypeRouter({ "websocket": AuthMiddlewareStack( URLRouter([ url(r"^ws/user/(?P<user_id>\d+)/$", consumers.UserConsumer), url(r"^ws/notification/(?P<room_name>\w+)/$", con.NotificationConsumer), ]) ), }) My first app.consummes.py class UserConsumer(WebsocketConsumer): user_number = 0 def connect(self): self.room_name = self.scope['url_route']['kwargs']['user_id'] self.room_group_name = self.room_name print("connected", self.room_group_name) self.user_number+= 1 print("user_number", self.user_number) # Join room group async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_add)( self.room_group_name, self.channel_name ) self.accept() def disconnect(self, close_code): # Leave room group print("deconnected") async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_discard)( self.room_group_name, self.channel_name ) # Receive message from WebSocket def receive(self, text_data): text_data_json = json.loads(text_data) proposal_identifiant = text_data_json['proposal_identifiant'] sender = text_data_json['sender'] messages = text_data_json['messages'] owner = text_data_json['owner'] conversator = text_data_json['conversator'] last_sender = text_data_json['last_sender'] type_ad = text_data_json['type_ad'] ad_id = text_data_json['ad_id'] price = text_data_json['price'] sending_by = text_data_json['sending_by'] price_is_changed = text_data_json['price_is_changed'] accepted = text_data_json['accepted'] from_send_message = text_data_json['from_send_message'] users_id = [] users_id.append(owner) users_id.append(conversator) winner_or_looser = text_data_json['winner_or_looser'] try: try: if proposal_identifiant and get_current_proposal(proposal_identifiant): # we create message if proposal exist if accepted == False: update_proposal(proposal_identifiant, last_sender, price, price_is_changed, accepted) create_new_message(proposal_identifiant, sender, messages) else: if from_send_message == True: update_proposal(proposal_identifiant, last_sender, price, price_is_changed, accepted) create_new_message(proposal_identifiant, sender, messages) else: try: create_new_delivery( owner, conversator, proposal_identifiant, type_ad, ad_id, price, accepted, ) create_new_message(proposal_identifiant, sender, messages) winner_or_looser = True except IntegrityError: print("error") return self.send(text_data=json.dumps({ 'error': "IntergyError" })) else: # we create at first … -
Serialize a M-2-M relation with grouping in Django REST framework
I have two models, linked through a separate model as follow: class Project(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50, unique=True) class Employee(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50, unique=True) project = models.ManyToManyField( Project, through='Schedule' ) def __str__(self): return self.name class Schedule(models.Model): employee = models.ForeignKey(Employee, on_delete=models.PROTECT) project = models.ForeignKey(Project, on_delete=models.PROTECT) date = models.DateField(null=False) hours = models.IntegerField() Serialized is pretty straight forward: class EmployeeScheduleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): month = serializers.DateField() booked = serializers.IntegerField() class Meta: model = Staff fields = ['id', 'name', 'month', 'booked'] A viewset returns the total number of houses assigned to each employee for different projects, summed over dates: class ScheduleViewSet(viewsets.ReadOnlyModelViewSet): queryset = Employee.objects.all() serializer_class = EmployeeScheduleSerializer lookup_field = 'staff' def get_queryset(self): qs = Employee.objects.values( 'name', month=F('schedule__date') ).annotate( booked=Sum('schedule__hours', distinct=True) ) if self.request.query_params.get('id') is not None: qs = qs.filter(id=self.request.query_params.get('id')) return qs def retrieve(self, request, *args, **kwargs): serializer = self.get_serializer(self.get_queryset(), many=True) return Response(data=serializer.data) In the output we have multiple records for each employee: [ { "name": "John Doe", "month": "10/01/2020", "booked": 100 }, { "name": "John Doe", "month": "11/01/2020", "booked": 120 }, ... ] I want to convert it to a nested list so that the booked hours show up as a list for each employee. I checked multiple threads, but couldn't find a reasonable solution. I think it's … -
No Reverse Match at
I try to redirect to question detailView after answer on question but i get NoReverseMatch at /98afdfc7-df41-416c-aaae-c1014bfbf119/answer after entering my answer models class Question(models.Model): id = models.UUIDField(_("ID"), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4, editable=False) question = models.CharField(_("Question"), max_length=300) def get_absolute_url(self): return reverse('question_detail', args=[str(self.id)]) class Answer(models.Model): question = models.ForeignKey(Question, verbose_name=_( "Answer"), on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='answers') answer = models.CharField(max_length=255) def get_absolute_url(self): return reverse('question_detail', args=[str(self.id)]) Urls urlpatterns = [ path('<uuid:pk>/answer', AnswerQuestionView.as_view(), name='answer'), path('questions/<uuid:pk>', QuestionDetailView.as_view(), name='question_detail'), ] Views class AnswerQuestionView(CreateView): model = Answer context_object_name = 'answer' fields = ['answer', 'question'] template_name = "forms/answer.html" class QuestionDetailView(DetailView): model = Question context_object_name = 'question' template_name = "question_detail.html" HTML form <form method="post"> {% csrf_token %} {{form.as_p}} <button value="submit">Post</button> </form> -
django: set default locale for language?
I'm building a multilanguage site using modeltranslate, I can switch between languages no problem. The problem comes with 'en' always being interpreted as 'en-us' which messes up the dates everywhere. It's a European site, I want 'en' to be interpreted as international English, or en-gb at least. I've looked all over but can't see a way to do this. Is there any way to set a default locale for a language in Django? Do I need to set language to en-GB and have en-gb in the url? I really don't want to have to do a lot of coding on every template just to override the US date formatting .... LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-GB' LANGUAGES = ( ('es', _('Spanish')), ('ca', _('Catalan')), ('en', _('English')), ('fr', _('French')), ) Thanks in advance for your help. -
Create userlist page using Django formsets and display profile image in userlist page
I am just beginner to python and Django Trying to create userlist page using Django formsets and display profile image in userlist page. Not seeing image field in my formset. Models – User (from django.contrib.auth.models) models.py class Profile(models.Model): user = models.OneToOneField(User,on_delete=models.CASCADE) image = models.ImageField(default='default.jpg', upload_to='profile_pics') def __str__(self): return f'{self.user.username} Profile' # def save(self): def save(self, *args, **kwargs): # super().save() super(Profile,self).save(*args, **kwargs) img = Image.open(self.image.path) if img.height > 300 or img.width > 300: output_size = (200,200) img.thumbnail(output_size) img.save(self.image.path) forms.py class UserListForm(forms.ModelForm): image = forms.ImageField() class Meta: model = User fields = ['image','username', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'is_staff', 'is_active', 'is_superuser', 'date_joined'] def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super(UserListForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) Views.py def userlist(request): UserFormSet = modelformset_factory(User,form=UserListForm, extra = 0) userlist_form = UserFormSet(queryset=User.objects.select_related('profile')) context = {'userlist_form': userlist_form} return render(request, 'webapp/user_list.html', context) user_list.html {% load crispy_forms_tags %} {% block content %} <div class = "content-section"> <form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data"> {% csrf_token %} <fieldset class="form-group"> <legend class="border-bottom, mb-1 ">User Info</legend> <table id = "usertab" > {% for form in userlist_form %} {% if forloop.first %} <thead> <tr> <th> <label for="id_image"> Image </label> </th> <th> <label for="id_username"> User Name </label> </th> <th> <label for="id_first_name"> First Name </label></th> <th> <label for="id_last_name"> Last Name </label></th> <th> <label for="id_email"> Email Address </label></th> <th> … -
Slack blocks + sending response doesn't work in python, not even when async
Sending block to Slack - it shows on slack correctly. Button is clicked, I am getting the interactive event webhook. webhook returns 200 OK to slack, not before scheduling an async POST to the response_url the return message is posted to response_url AFTER the 200 ack is returned from the webhook function Slack responds 404 to the response_url that same response URL works when curled outside of python.... I don't get why slack rejects the posted return message with 404 when the very same response_url works when used in curl outside of python. my webhook processor: def slack_webhook(request): json_dict = json.loads(request.body.decode('utf-8')) token = json_dict['token'] if 'token' in json_dict else None message = json_dict['message'] if 'message' in json_dict else None trigger_id = json_dict['trigger_id'] if 'trigger_id' in json_dict else None response_url = json_dict['response_url'] if 'response_url' in json_dict else None actions = json_dict['actions'] if 'actions' in json_dict else None for action in actions: print(f"** received action {action['action_id']}") print(f"** response_url: {response_url}") print(f"** trigger_id: {trigger_id}") payload = { "replace_original": True, "text": "Success!", } # async via Celery... send_slack_interactive_response.delay(response_url, payload, trigger_id) return HttpResponse(status=200) the async celery task which sends the @app.task(bind=True, retry_kwargs={'max_retries': 10, 'countdown': 5}) def send_slack_interactive_response(self, response_url, payload, trigger_id): print(f"** -> response_url: {response_url}") print(f"** -> … -
Dynamic choices in model CharField choices
This document shows an example of how to declare a model CharField with choices here class Student(models.Model): FRESHMAN = 'FR' SOPHOMORE = 'SO' JUNIOR = 'JR' SENIOR = 'SR' GRADUATE = 'GR' YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES = [ (FRESHMAN, 'Freshman'), (SOPHOMORE, 'Sophomore'), (JUNIOR, 'Junior'), (SENIOR, 'Senior'), (GRADUATE, 'Graduate'), ] year_in_school = models.CharField( max_length=2, choices=YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES, default=FRESHMAN, ) The list YEAR_IN_SCHOOL_CHOICES is part of the class Student. Does it mean this list is stored somewhere in the database? If so, can it be accessed and modified during runtime? Suppose I need to make this list dynamic depending on another model class. For eg: class Edu_Level(models.Model) level = models.CharField(max_length = 200) Each time my app creates a new Edu_Level, I want to add that level to the choice list in the other Student model. Assuming that they are both in the same app, is this possible? Thanks. -
can't fix: does not appear to have any patterns in it. If you see valid patterns in the file then the issue is probably caused by a circular import
I am learning django and i was using a video which guides me what to do. I wrote the same code before ,and it worked but now I'm getting this error: django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: The included URLconf '<module 'blog.urls' from 'D:\\python\\pishrafte\\twiter\\twiter\\blog\\urls.py'>' does not appear to have any patterns in it. If you see valid patterns in the file then the issue is probably caused by a circular import. and in urls.py in blog app, I wrote the code: from django.urls import path from . import views urlpatterns = [ path('', views.index, name='index') ] What should I do?
