Django community: RSS
This page, updated regularly, aggregates Django Q&A from the Django community.
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ModelSerializer foreign key relation issue in multi database DRF project
In my DRF project, I use multiple databases to handle the data I don't specify a default database in settings. whenever I use the model serializer with ForeignKey relation Django emits the following error settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. Please supply the ENGINE value. Check settings documentation for more details. I know why this error is prone because by default ModelSerilizer sets the field of an FK relation like this serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField( queryset=ItemCategory.objects.all(), required=True, allow_null=False) because I don't have a default DB it will show that error it's fine to overcome I did something like this class ItemSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = Item fields = ('id', 'name', 'category') def __init__(self, instance=None, data=..., **kwargs): user = kwargs.get('context').get('user') database = user.db self.fields['category'] = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField( allow_null=True, queryset=ItemCategory.objects.using(database).all(), required=False) super().__init__(instance, data, **kwargs) but when I print the field category it returns something like this PrimaryKeyRelatedField(allow_null=True, queryset=<QuerySet [<ItemCategory: ItemCategory object (1)>]>, required=False) instead of the query param, it assigns the querySet is there any solution for this (I am not sure assigning the fields manually from init method works fine) -
What is the syntax for setting a particular object's eternal cache when declaring cache.set()?
On a project, I use a package to generate cronjobs - for this I declared a class in utils.py, inherited from the broker class that serves the crontab file in Ubuntu - writes and updates cronjobs data. An instance of this object is not created alone for the entire project. I've extended this broker class to keep a hash table of all the cronjobs internally - this is how I access the cronjobs in the Ubuntu crontab to update them. Broker - crontab is not connected to the database in any way, so it resets every time I log into the IDE and I get a KeyError when accessing cronjobs. To solve the problem, I want to set an eternal cache only for this object. What parameter should be specified in cache.set() to do this? I tried storing this object in a json serializer I wrote, but the deserializer failed. If you know how this can be done, I will be grateful if you write about it. Thanks for any answer! -
TypeError: fromisoformat: argument must be str in datetimefield
I hav e a model in my models.py as ` class PassForm(models.Model): name= models.CharField(max_length=100, default=None) time_periode = models.ForeignKey(SubTime, on_delete = models.CASCADE, default=True) school_name = models.ForeignKey(admindb.SchoolDetail, on_delete = models.CASCADE, default=True) start_place = models.ForeignKey(Place, null=True, blank=True, on_delete =models.CASCADE, related_name="pass_start") end_place = models.ForeignKey(Place, null=True, blank = True, on_delete = models.CASCADE, related_name = 'pass_end') age = models.IntegerField(blank=True, null=True, default=True) dob = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now ) address = models.TextField(max_length=100, blank=True, null=True) adhaar_no = models.CharField(max_length=200, null=True, blank=True) mobile = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True, default=None) idimage = models.ImageField(upload_to='users/static/ksrtcimage/idimage', null=True, default=None) adhaar_image = models.ImageField(upload_to='users/static/ksrtcimage/adhaar', null=True, default=None) profileimage = models.ImageField(upload_to='users/static/ksrtcimage/profileimage', null=True, default=None) while I'm trying to migrate it I'm getting the following error related to the datetimefield parsed = parse_datetime(value) File "/home/noelsj/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/dateparse.py", line 114, in parse_datetime return datetime.datetime.fromisoformat(value) TypeError: fromisoformat: argument must be str I've tried providing default value to the field but it didn't get fixed please give me your possible answers thank you so much -
Django, Ajax, csrftoken. Please tell me what is the problem
UserWarning: A {% csrf_token %} was used in a template, but the context did not provide the value. This is usually caused by not using RequestContext. warnings.warn( On HTML templates everything worked. After switching to AJAX, this error appeared Tried these tips, did not help: How can I send a CSRF token in a form?. https://django.readthedocs.io/en/latest/howto/csrf.html. addnew.html {% load widget_tweaks %} <form method="post" action="{% url 'table:addnew' %}" class="js-product-add-form"> {% csrf_token %} <div class="modal-header"> <h5 class="modal-title modalLabel">Добавить запись</h5> <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"></button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> {% for field in form %} <div class="form-group{% if field.errors %} has-error{% endif %}"> <label for="{{ field.id_for_label }}">{{ field.label }}</label> {% render_field field class="form-control" %} {% for error in field.errors %} <p class="help-block">{{ error }}</p> {% endfor %} </div> {% endfor %} <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-bs-dismiss="modal">Отмена</button> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Добавить" /> </div> </div> </form> views.py def index(request): snj = ScheduleNotJob.objects.all() form = SNJ() return render(request,"index.html",{'snj': snj, 'form':form}) def save_product_form(request, form, template_name): data = dict() if request.method == 'POST': if form.is_valid(): form.save() data['form_is_valid'] = True SNJ = ScheduleNotJob.objects.all() data['html_product_list'] = render_to_string('table.html', { 'snj': SNJ }) else: data['form_is_valid'] = False context = {'form': form} data['html_form'] = render_to_string(template_name, context, request=request) return JsonResponse(data) def addnew(request): … -
Convert list to JSON Lines file and write to Django FileField on S3
Let's say I have the following list of dicts: data = [ {"a": 1}, {"a": 1, "b": 2}, {"a": 1, "b": {"c": 3, "d": 4}}, ] And a simple model with a file field backed by S3: from storages.backends.s3boto3 import S3Boto3Storage class S3Storage(S3Boto3Storage): bucket_name = "my-bucket" class Output(models.Model): file = models.FileField(upload_to="uploads/") I want to generate a JSON Lines file and upload that to Output.file. This is what I have so far: from tempfile import TemporaryFile with TemporaryFile(mode="w+") as tmp_file: for record in data: json.dump(record, tmp_file) tmp_file.write("\n") tmp_file.seek(0) bytes_file = tmp_file.read().encode() content = ContentFile(bytes_file) output = Output() output.file.save("data.jsonl", content) This works fine but seems inefficient, specifically reading the entire temp file and encoding it. Is there a more performant way to do this, perhaps by writing bytes to the file originally so I can avoid the following lines: tmp_file.seek(0) bytes_file = tmp_file.read().encode() Or are there other areas for speed / memory optimization? -
Stripe Subscription using stripe.Subscription.create function does not provide client_secret with Django
As suggested here , I am using stripe.Subscription.create function to create a subscription for the users in my Django DRM and expect to have a client secret that is associated with the subscription and the related payment_intent. However following is the error that I get : customer.clientsecret=stripe_subscription.latest_invoice.payment_intent.client_secret AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'client_secret' Below is the code that I am executing in the backend : stripe_customer = stripe.Customer.create(email=instance.email) customer.product = Product.objects.get(plan=0) # Free plan price id customer.stripe_customer_id = stripe_customer['id'] stripe_subscription = stripe.Subscription.create( customer=customer.stripe_customer_id, items=[{"price": customer.product.stripe_plan_id},], payment_behavior='default_incomplete', payment_settings={'save_default_payment_method': 'on_subscription'}, expand=['latest_invoice.payment_intent'], ) customer.clientsecret=stripe_subscription.latest_invoice.payment_intent.client_secret How can I get a valid client_secret for the subscription that I create ? -
Prometheus - Django app metrics are notcollected
I have installed Prometheus on the same server where my Django app is running. I am attempting to retrieve metrics using an API and the curl response appears to be in the correct format. API (url & view): `ROUTER.register('organization_metrics', simulation.views.OrganizationViewSet, basename='organization_metrics') class OrganizationViewSet(viewsets.ViewSet): renderer_classes = [StaticHTMLRenderer] def list(self, request): organizations = ["org1", "org2", "org3"] # Replace with your own data # Create a new CollectorRegistry object registry = CollectorRegistry() # Create a new Counter metric to track the number of organizations #org_counter = Counter('organizations_total', 'Total number of organizations', registry=registry) org_counter = Counter('organizations_total', 'Total_number_of_organizations', ['org_name'], registry=registry) # Increment the counter for each organization for org in organizations: org_counter.labels(org_name=org).inc() # org_counter.inc() # Generate the Prometheus format response #response_data = generate_latest(registry) # Return the response with the content type 'text/plain' logging.info('here I am') #return Response(response_data, content_type='text/plain') return ( Response( generate_latest(registry), status=status.HTTP_200_OK, content_type='text/plain', ) )` Curl response looks good and in right format: `curl --request GET http://localhost:8070/api/v1/organization_metrics/ -H 'Accept: text/html' # HELP organizations_total Total_number_of_organizations # TYPE organizations_total counter organizations_total{org_name="org1"} 1.0 organizations_total{org_name="org2"} 1.0 organizations_total{org_name="org3"} 1.0 # TYPE organizations_created gauge organizations_created{org_name="org1"} 1.6776296973446844e+09 organizations_created{org_name="org2"} 1.6776296973447082e+09 organizations_created{org_name="org3"} 1.6776296973447242e+09` In my prometheus.yml file, I have included relevant scrape_configs: ` - job_name: 'myapp-organization-metrics' scrape_interval: 6s metrics_path: '/api/v1/organization_metrics/' static_configs: - targets: … -
I'm rtying to import the Stripe API using pip but I'm getting a module not found error even though I've installed it
I'm trying to install stripe using pip, however, when I try to run my project with the import I get a module not found error. This makes no sense to me as when I look at the list of requirements I see stripe: 5.2.0. I'm using Django and I'm trying to install it in my virtual environment. The stack trace is shown below: Exception in thread django-main-thread: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\bench\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\threading.py", line 1038, in _bootstrap_inner self.run() File "C:\Users\bench\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\threading.py", line 975, in run self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs) File "C:\Users\bench\Documents\z12-app\server\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper fn(*args, **kwargs) File "C:\Users\bench\Documents\z12-app\server\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 134, in inner_run self.check(display_num_errors=True) File "C:\Users\bench\Documents\z12-app\server\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 475, in check all_issues = checks.run_checks( ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\bench\Documents\z12-app\server\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\registry.py", line 88, in run_checks new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs, databases=databases) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\bench\Documents\z12-app\server\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\urls.py", line 42, in check_url_namespaces_unique all_namespaces = _load_all_namespaces(resolver) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\bench\Documents\z12-app\server\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\urls.py", line 61, in _load_all_namespaces url_patterns = getattr(resolver, "url_patterns", []) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\bench\Documents\z12-app\server\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 57, in __get__ res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\bench\Documents\z12-app\server\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 715, in url_patterns patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\bench\Documents\z12-app\server\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 57, in __get__ res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\bench\Documents\z12-app\server\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 708, in urlconf_module return import_module(self.urlconf_name) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\bench\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) … -
Google OAuth Login in DRF application raise Invalid token type
I had implemented Google OAuth in my DRF application using all-auth and dj-rest-auth, but for some reason stop working. Traceback shows the JWT, but for some reason, allauth raise this raise DecodeError(f"Invalid token type. Token must be a {bytes}") Traceback_1 Traceback_2 I tried to follow this tutorial but couldn't reproduce the scenario. The code is at this PR Does anyone have the same error? -
Responsive floating label on input form
I've created a form using Django, Crispy Forms and Bootstrap. At screen widths above 575px the form and labels look as expected with fields of the correct width and floating labels in the correct position, however at screen widths below 575px the form looks like this: I believe this is because, in order to force the responsive resizing of the input fields, I manually amended the CSS to reduce the the field width to 85% at screen widths lower than 575px by using a media query as follows: @media (max-width: 575px) { .form-floating > .form-control, .form-floating > .form-select { display: block; width: 85%; padding: 0.375rem 0.75rem; margin: 0 auto; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } } It seems the issue is that the label has remained in its original position and therefore is now outside of the perimeter of the input field. How can I amend the CSS again so that the floating label is repositioned to remain inside of the input field? -
running a django project in a virtualenv on both windows and WSL
How can I make a $ pipenv shell and then a $ python3 manage.py runserver work inside the WSL just like it runs on Windows terminal? I want to code in both windows and linux environment and run the application server on both environments. I'm writing a Django project mostly on Windows but I wanted to be able to eventually use my good and old vim+Linux through the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL2). I have WSL with ubuntu, python, and pipenv installed and I'm on my project's directory that is mounted C: drive. Inside my project folder, I already have .venv and everything working fine from a Windows terminal, but can't just go to Linux and run the application server. -
Django models.IntegerField choices
In my Django admin page, I have a dropdown field (Teachers Name) that fills from Database when the page loads. But when I want to Save something, the Teacher's dropdown field has an error. I need to TecherID. My model.py: class classes_info(models.Model): ClassName = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name="Class name") On = "On" Off = "Off" Status_CHOICES = [ (On, 'On'), (Off, 'Off'), ] Status = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=Status_CHOICES, default=On) Teacher_CHOICES = [ (0, '-------'), ] TeacherID = models.IntegerField(max_length=200, choices=Teacher_CHOICES) And My Admin.py: class classes_info_Admin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('ClassName') def formfield_for_choice_field(self, db_field, request, **kwargs): if db_field.name == "TeacherID": Teachers_Info = personal_info.objects.values('id', 'FirstName', 'MiddleName', 'LastName', 'images').filter(Type='Teacher', Status='On') Teachers_List = [(0, '-------')] if len(Teachers_Info) != 0: for x in list(Teachers_Info): y = (x['id']), x['FirstName'] + " " + x['MiddleName'] + " " + x['LastName']) Teachers_List.append(y) kwargs['choices'] = Teachers_List return super(classes_info_Admin, self).formfield_for_choice_field(db_field, request, **kwargs) Teacher information is loaded from the database: When I want to save information, my error in TeacherID field is: "Select a valid choice. 34 is not one of the available choices." I have a problem and I don't know what's my problem. Please Help me. Thanks. I changed models to CharField: TeacherID = models.CharField(max_length=200, choices=Teacher_CHOICES) And also, I changed Datatype in the Database. From … -
Python-Django project : errors when i run (python manage.py runserver)
`Watching for file changes with StatReloader `Exception in thread django-main-thread:` `Traceback (most recent call last):` File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python310\\lib\\threading.py", line 1009, in \_bootstrap_inner` self.run() `File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python310\\lib\\threading.py", line 946, in run self.\_target(\*self._args, \*\*self.kwargs) `File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\\utils\\autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper fn(\*args, \*\*kwargs)` File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\\core\\management\\commands\\runserver.py", line 125, in inner_run autoreload.raise_last_exception() File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\\utils\\autoreload.py", line 87, in raise_last_exception raise exception\[1\]` `File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\\core\\management_init_.py", line 398, in execute autoreload.check_errors(django.setup)() File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\\utils\\autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper fn(\*args, \*\*kwargs) File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\__init_.py", line 24, in setup apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS) File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\\apps\\registry.py", line 116, in populate app_config.import_models() File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\\apps\\config.py", line 269, in import_models self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name) File AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python310\\lib\\importlib\__init_.py", line 126, in import_module` `return \_bootstrap.\_gcd_import(name\[level:\], package, level) File "\<frozen importlib.\_bootstrap\>", line 1050, in \_gcd_import File "\<frozen importlib.\_bootstrap\>", line 1027, in \_find_and_load File "\<frozen importlib.\_bootstrap\>", line 1006, in \_find_and_load_unlocked File "\<frozen importlib.\_bootstrap\>", line 688, in \_load_unlocked File "\<frozen importlib.\_bootstrap_external\>", line 883, in exec_module File "\<frozen importlib.\_bootstrap\>", line 241, in \_call_with_frames_removed` File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\medproject\\main\\models.py", line 81, in \<module\> class UserInfo(models.Model): File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\\db\\models\\base.py", line 192, in __new__ new_class.add_to_class(obj_name, obj) File "C:\Users\Elite\Desktop\medical_web\env\lib\site- packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 369, in add_to_class value.contribute_to_class(cls, name) File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\\db\\models\\fields\\related.py", line 1917, in contribute_to_class self.remote_field.through = create_many_to_many_intermediary_model( File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\\db\\models\\fields\\related.py", line 1284, in create_many_to_many_intermediary_model "verbose_name": \_("%(from)s-%(to)s relationship") File "C:\\Users\\Elite\\Desktop\\medical_web\\env\\lib\\site- packages\\django\\utils\\functional.py", … -
Stripe Subscription and How to save card details using Stripe Elements for React and Django Backend
I have implemented a stripe subscription flow for frontend and backend as follows : Backend urls : app_name = 'payment' urlpatterns = [ path('subscription', SubscriptionCreate.as_view(), name="create_subscription"), path('stripe_add_payment_method', StripePaymentMethodCreate.as_view()), path('customer', CustomerView.as_view(), name="customerview"), path('secret', SecretView.as_view(), name="secretview"), path('webhook', stripe_webhook, name="stripe_webhook") ] For every created user in the Django, a Free subscription is automatically associated with the user triggered by a post save callback, post_save_customer_create. class Customer(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE) stripe_customer_id = models.CharField(max_length=40, default="") product = models.ForeignKey(Product, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True) stripe_subscription_id = models.CharField(max_length=40, default="") clientsecret = models.CharField(max_length=80, default="") active = models.BooleanField(default=True) @property def get_created_date(self): subscription = stripe.Subscription.retrieve(self.stripe_subscription_id) return datetime.fromtimestamp(subscription.created) @property def get_next_billing_date(self): subscription = stripe.Subscription.retrieve(self.stripe_subscription_id) return datetime.fromtimestamp(subscription.current_period_end) def __str__(self): return self.user.username The following callback created a stripe customer in the Stripe backend and keeps tract of the customer id in Django backend. def post_save_customer_create(sender, instance, created, *args, **kwargs): customer, created = Customer.objects.get_or_create(user=instance) if customer.stripe_customer_id == "": # protection for multiple accounts for same user in Stripe Database stripe_customer_list = stripe.Customer.list(email=customer.user.username) if len(stripe_customer_list.data) > 1: for i in range(0,len(stripe_customer_list.data)): if customer.stripe_customer_id != stripe_customer_list.data[i].id: logging.info(f"Something is very wrong -> Stripe has multiple customers - Deleting : {stripe_customer_list.data[i].id} - {stripe_customer_list.data[i].email}") # stripe.Customer.delete(stripe_customer_list.data[i].id) else: logging.info(f"Something is very wrong -> Stripe had multiple customers - Keeping this user : … -
I have a django project with vue I added ckeditor in django administration but the text in the page appears as normal html
I have a django project with vue I added ckeditor in django administration but the text in the page appears as normal html and when I add {{ | safe }} I'm getting an error in vue js I added {{ | safe }} and I got an error in vue js -
Can't get docker to run a development container for a Django app: python: can't open file '/app/manage.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
I managed to get my production version of the app running using an entrypoint and a deploy version of the docker-compose file, however I still need to fix some bugs in the app and for that I wanted to run my application with a mounted volume and a "python manage.py runserver" command so that I can see the changes that I make in the code in real-time, but when I try to do that i get the following error: backend-dev | python: can't open file '/app/manage.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory backend-dev exited with code 2 I couldn't see the filesystem of the container using the "docker exec" command because it only works on running containers, but I managed to overcome that issue by running those commands: > docker commit 3c3a8e5970e9 backend-dev-debug > docker run -it --rm --entrypoint sh backend-dev-debug and from there I could see that the manage.py file is actually present there. I also searched the internet and I saw that other people have also been coming across this problem, for example here: When run docker-compose up I get python: can't open file 'manage.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory One user in this thread … -
DataTables - Export data with Ajax without downloading file
I am using the DataTables JS library with Excel/CSV buttons, and it's working great. My next challenge is uploading that Excel/CSV file to another destination/server, without downloading the file locally to the machine. In other words, on button click, I need to send the file to the backend with Ajax so it can then be uploaded as a file to another server. Any ideas? -
cannot import name 'SkipError' from 'rest_framework.exceptions'
I try to use DRF, but it raises this error: raise InvalidTemplateLibrary( django.template.library.InvalidTemplateLibrary: Invalid template library specified. ImportError raised when trying to load 'rest_framework.templatetags.rest_framework': cannot import name 'SkipError' from 'rest_framework.exceptions' (C:\Users\C.M\.virtualenvs\src-Hn7NFGL7\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\exceptions.py) settings.py INSTALLED_APPS = [ # apps 'accounts', 'home', 'job', 'contact', # django modules "django.contrib.admin", "django.contrib.auth", "django.contrib.contenttypes", "django.contrib.sessions", "django.contrib.messages", "django.contrib.staticfiles", # third-party 'bootstrap4', 'cities_light', 'django_filters', 'rest_framework', ] urls.py from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path, include from django.conf import settings from django.conf.urls.static import static urlpatterns = [ path('accounts/', include('django.contrib.auth.urls')), path('accounts/', include('accounts.urls', namespace='accounts')), path("admin/", admin.site.urls), path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls')), path('jobs/', include('job.urls', namespace='jobs')), path('contact/', include('contact.urls', namespace='contact')) ] urlpatterns += static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT) urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT) How can I solve the error? I use Django 4.1 and DRF 3.14.0 -
What is the correct way to implement authentication via email accounts (using given email addresses)?
I am currently developing a website for my school and am trying to implement authentication using email accounts. I have a database of emails that can log into the website. So, there will be no sign-ups (only sign-ins). The question arises, because I do not want to use a separate password for the website (a multitude of reasons, listed below). Thus, the intended flow would include users signing-in with email accounts. Although I am seeking a general answer, here are some specifics: The email service provider (ESP) is Google, but the domain (@something.com) is different. I am using Django+postgres There are roughly 100 emails, so the project isn't big As a further note, since the ESP is Google, I will be using Google Identity Services (GIS) APIs. Of course, the most straightforward way of implementing this would be just to let the users sign-in using the GIS, and then retrieve the email address used to check whether it is in the database. This very well might be the best way of doing this, but it seems a tiny bit clunky - since I already know the email addresses that the users will use. The preferred flow would be to check … -
Getting "S3 Transfer Acceleration is not configured on this bucket" error when using django-storages
In a Django project that uses django-storages and is configured with AWS credentials, I am getting the following error when uploading a file (i.e. saving a model that has a models.FileField field) An error occurred (InvalidRequest) when calling the PutObject operation: S3 Transfer Acceleration is not configured on this bucket I triple-checked the AWS credentials -- they even work on another computer with the same codebase, but not on my machine. (I provide the solution below) -
How to save image to binary format in python?
guys! I am trying to convert image to binary using python, but something is not working properly. Here is my code: def binarize_image(filename): filename = MEDIA_ROOT + "\\" + filename img = cv2.imread(filename) greyscale_img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY) binary_img = cv2.threshold(greyscale_img, 127, 64, cv2.THRESH_BINARY,) resized_name = f"binary_{filename[:len(filename) - 4]}.png" cv2.imwrite(resized_name, binary_img) return resized_name It crashes on the moment of writing an image. Here is the traceback: Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\Python\proj\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 56, in inner response = get_response(request) File "D:\Python\proj\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 197, in _get_response response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs) File "D:\Python\proj\src\core\views.py", line 48, in create_binary_image binarize_image(url) File "D:\Python\proj\src\core\utils\image_binarize.py", line 17, in binarize_image cv2.imwrite(resized_name, binary_img) cv2.error: OpenCV(4.7.0) :-1: error: (-5:Bad argument) in function 'imwrite' > Overload resolution failed: > - img is not a numerical tuple > - Expected Ptr<cv::UMat> for argument 'img' Any ideas on what am I doing wrong? I will be very grateful for anny suggestions! -
Object of type User is not JSON serialiable
I'm trying to create a sign up method for users. This is what the user model looks like: class User(AbstractBaseUser): name = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=False) created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) is_admin = models.BooleanField(blank=True,default=False, verbose_name="Is admin") designation = models.CharField(max_length=90, blank=True) email = models.EmailField(max_length=160, blank=False, unique=True) password = models.TextField(blank=False) USERNAME_FIELD = "email" def __str__(self): return self.name + " " + self.email This is what the serializer looks like: class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = User fields = ["id", "name", "designation", "is_admin", "email", "password"] extra_kwargs = { 'password': {'write_only': True} } #creates user after hashing #and salting password def create(self, validated_data): user = User.objects.create( name=validated_data.get('name'), email=validated_data.get('email'), password=make_password(password=validated_data.get('password'), salt=get_random_string(length=32)) ) return user The view class AuthViewset(viewsets.ViewSet): def signUp(self, request, **kwargs): serializer = UserSerializer(data=request.data) serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True) is_new = True user = User.objects.filter(email=request.data['email']).first() if user is not None: #user exists is_new = False else: #create user user = serializer.create(serializer.validated_data) if is_new: return Response({ "user": user, "message": "Created new user" }, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED) else: return Response({ "message": "User already exists" }, status=status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT) I've overridden the create method to allow for salting of a hashed password. I want my view method to get the created user, so I return the user object from the create method. But it throws an error saying Object … -
Django DRF Admin Panel Test Images Uploader Api project Problem with Post method
Im try to test my admin panel with additional options in my api app Im just started to test simply stuff like login and creating Images model and then checking its in the Django panel admin in this way i dont have any issues but when i want to make a post with url and data and then get created data my query set or response.get is empty Could you help me where is my bad? test_admin.py from django.test import Client from django.urls import reverse from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model from django.core.files.uploadedfile import SimpleUploadedFile from PIL import Image from io import BytesIO from api.models import Images, UserProfile from django.urls import reverse from rest_framework.test import APITestCase, APIClient from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model import time from api.celery import app from time import timezone from api.admin import ImagesAdmin from django.contrib.auth.hashers import make_password class ImagesAdminTests(APITestCase): def setUp(self): app.conf.update(CELERY_ALWAYS_EAGER=True) self.client = APIClient() self.superuser = get_user_model().objects.create_superuser( username="testuser", email="testuser@example.com", password=make_password("Haslo1234"), ) self.user_profile = UserProfile.objects.create( user=self.superuser, account_type=UserProfile.ENTERPRISE ) self.image_data = BytesIO() self.image = Image.new("RGB", (900, 900)) self.image.save(self.image_data, format="JPEG") self.image_data.seek(0) self.image_to_upload = SimpleUploadedFile( "test_image.jpg", self.image_data.getvalue(), content_type="image/jpeg" ) self.data = { "title": "Test Image", "slug": "test-image", "image": self.image_to_upload, "author": self.superuser, } self.client.force_login(user=self.superuser) def test_login(self): response = self.client.get(reverse("admin:index")) self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200) self.assertTrue(self.superuser.is_authenticated) self.assertTrue(self.superuser.is_staff) def … -
Django: I get this error: " AttributeError: 'bool' object has no attribute 'startswith' " when I try migrate in django
I get this error: " AttributeError: 'bool' object has no attribute 'startswith' " when I try migrate in django This is my code: from django.db import models # Create your models here. from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import User # Create your models here. class Category(models.Model): slug = models.SlugField() title = models.CharField(max_length=255, db_index=True) class MenuItem(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=255, db_index=True) price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, db_index=True) featured = models.BooleanField(db_index=True, default=False) category = models.ForeignKey(Category, on_delete=models.PROTECT) class Cart(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) menuitem = models.ForeignKey(MenuItem, on_delete=models.CASCADE) quantity = models.SmallIntegerField() unit_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2) price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2) class Meta: unique_together = ('menuitem', 'user') class Order(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE) delivery_crew = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, related_name='delivery_crew', null=True) status = models.BooleanField(db_index=True, default=False) total = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2) date = models.DateField(db_column=True) class OrderItem(models.Model): order = models.ForeignKey(Order, on_delete=models.CASCADE) menuitem = models.ForeignKey(MenuItem, on_delete=models.CASCADE) quantity = models.SmallIntegerField() unit_price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2) price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2) class Meta: unique_together = ('order', 'menuitem') I have tried deleting the old migrations and running it again but it didn't work -
Logic inside Django serializer
I have a Django serializer implementation that has a field which contains a list as part of a JWT authentication process. For example: class MySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: field = ['a', 'b', 'c'] I then have some logic in my user model class MyUser(PermissionMixin, AbstractBaseUser): permissions = ['OK', 'NOT_OK'] I can access my users from the following logic inside my serializer self.context['request'].user.permissions I would now like to only share parts a and b of field if the user is not permitted to access c. In other words I want to do something roughly equivalent to class MySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: if 'OK' in self.context['request'].user.permissions: field = ['a', 'b', 'c'] else: field = ['a', 'b'] However, the Meta class does not have self attached. What is the best design pattern to achieve what I want? Is the serializer the best place to house this logic?
